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Functionalization of the Interlayer Surfaces of Kaolinite by Alkylammonium Groups From Ionic Liquids

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

Sadok Letaief  and
Christian Detellier
Sadok Letaief
Affiliation:
Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation and Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
Christian Detellier*
Affiliation:
Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation and Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
*
* E-mail address of corresponding author: dete@uottawa.ca
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Abstract

The objective of this study was to design new, functional, nanostructured materials from the abundant clay mineral kaolinite, in spite of development problems with the interlayer chemistry of kaolinite because of its non-swelling properties. A particular goal of this work was to graft, in a controlled way, alkylammonium groups onto the aluminol interlayer surfaces of kaolinite. This was successfully achieved by soft-chemical approaches, more specifically by the melting intercalation process of alkylammonium ionic liquids which were synthesized for this purpose. The resulting nanohybrid materials were characterized chemically and structurally by X-ray diffraction analysis, thermal analysis (TG/DTA), 13C cross polarization magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The amount of grafted organic material was quantified from TGA results. Alkylammonium salts with a short alkyl chain were grafted directly using a melting reaction at 180°C under N2 involving the in situ displacement of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) from a DMSO-kaolinite pre-intercalate; for longer alkyl chains, the grafting was done in two steps. In the first step, the corresponding amino-alcohol was grafted into the kaolinite by displacement of DMSO from the interlayer space. The second step consisted of quaternarization of the grafted material by reaction with iodomethane or iodoethane.

Keywords

AlkylammoniumCholineAluminosilicateClay MineralGraftingIntercalationIonic LiquidsKaoliniteLayered MaterialsNanohybrid MaterialsOrgano-clay
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 57 , Issue 5 , October 2009 , pp. 638 - 648
Copyright
Copyright © The Clay Minerals Society 2009

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