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Formation of NH4-Illite-Like Phase at the Expense of Dioctahedral Vermiculite in Soil and Diagenetic Environments — An Experimental Approach

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

Michał Skiba ,
Stefan Skiba ,
Arkadiusz Derkowski ,
Katarzyna Maj-Szeliga  and
Beata Dziubińska
Michał Skiba*
Affiliation:
Institute of Geological Sciences, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, ul. Gronostajowa 3a, Poland
Stefan Skiba
Affiliation:
Institute of Geography and Spatial Management, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, ul Gronostajowa 7, Poland
Arkadiusz Derkowski
Affiliation:
Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-002 Kraków, ul. Senacka 1, Poland
Katarzyna Maj-Szeliga
Affiliation:
Institute of Geological Sciences, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, ul. Gronostajowa 3a, Poland
Beata Dziubińska
Affiliation:
Institute of Geological Sciences, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, ul. Gronostajowa 3a, Poland
*
*E-mail address of corresponding author: michal.skiba@uj.edu.pl
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Abstract

Selective sorption and/or fixation of cations with low hydration energies (e.g. K+, NH4+, Rb+, Cs+) by vermiculites is a well known phenomenon in soil science and it has been described by many investigators since the 1950s. Because most of the available studies deal with trioctahedral vermiculites, cation fixation in dioctahedral vermiculites is not as well understood as fixation by trioctahedral structures. The objective of the present study was to investigate the influence of NH4+ saturation on the structure of a natural dioctahedral vermiculite. Because no dioctahedral vermiculite standard reference material was available, two natural dioctahedral vermiculite-rich soil clay samples were used in the study. The clays were saturated with NH4+ using different protocols to simulate natural processes that likely take place in soils. The degree of NH4+ fixation by the dioctahedral vermiculite was evaluated using X-ray diffraction, elemental N analysis, and infrared spectroscopy. All the treatments that involved NH4+ saturation caused NH4+ fixation and irreversible collapse (i.e. contraction to ~10 Å) of at least a portion of the previously hydrated (vermiculitic) interlayers. Air drying of the NH4+-saturated samples greatly enhanced the degree of the collapse. The results indicated that the collapse of dioctahedral vermiculite leads to the formation of a NH4-illite-like phase that is likely to occur in some soils and sediments that are rich in organic matter. The formation of a NH4-illite-like phase by NHNH4+ fixation in vermiculitic interlayers needs to be taken into consideration in studies that deal with the clay mineralogy of sedimentary basins.

Keywords

Ammonium IlliteDioctahedral VermiculiteEarly Diagenetic IllitizationNH4+-fixationSoil Illitization
Type
Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 66 , Issue 1 , February 2018 , pp. 74 - 85
Copyright
Copyright © Clay Minerals Society 2018

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