Hostname: page-component-84b7d79bbc-rnpqb Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-30T02:00:41.489Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Factors That Govern the Formation of Multi-Domainic Goethites

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2024

R. M. Cornell  and
R. Giovanoli
R. M. Cornell
Affiliation:
Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Berne, CH-3000 Berne 9, Switzerland
R. Giovanoli
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, University of Berne, CH-3000 Berne 9, Switzerland
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Transmission electron microscopic (TEM) examination has shown that multi-domainic crystals of synthetic goethite consist of almost parallel intergrowths, each of which is slightly misoriented with respect to its neighbors. These intergrowths emanate from a central nucleus within the crystal. They can nucleate along both the x and y crystal axes, but subsequent growth is mainly in the z direction.

The formation of multi-domainic goethites from ferrihydrite was favored by high pH (≥ 13) and, at lower pHs, by the addition of NaNO3 to the system. Decreasing the temperature of synthesis from 70° to 20°C also enhanced domain formation. The nucléation of domains was confined to the initial stage of goethite formation. Domains probably formed when crystal growth was very rapid or when adsorbed species blocked the appropriate sites on the nucleus material.

Keywords

DomainsGoethiteIntergrowthsIronSynthesisTransmission electron microscopy
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 34 , Issue 5 , October 1986 , pp. 557 - 564
Copyright
Copyright © 1986, The Clay Minerals Society

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Atkinson, R. J., Posner, A. M. and Quirk, J. P., 1968 Crystal nucléation in Fe(III) solutions and hydroxide gels J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. 30 2371–2381.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Buerger, M. J., 1934 The lineage structure of crystals Z. Krist. 89 195–220.Google Scholar
Cornell, R. M. and Giovanoli, R., 1985 Effect of solution conditions on the proportion and morphology of goethite formed from ferrihydrite Clays & Clay Minerals 33 424–432.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cornell, R. M., Mann, S. and Skamulis, A. J., 1983 A high-resolution electron microscopy examination of domain boundaries in crystals of synthetic goethite J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 1 79 2679–2684.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cornell, R. M., Posner, A. M. and Quirk, J. P., 1974 Crystal morphology and dissolution of goethite J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. 36 1937–1946.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davis, J. A. and Leckie, J. O., 1978 Surface ionization and complexation at the oxide/water interface. II. Surface properties of amorphous iron oxyhydroxide and adsorption of metal ions J. Colloid Interface Sci. 67 90–107.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lewis, D. G. and Schwertmann, U., 1980 The effect of [OH-] on the goethite produced from ferrihydrite under alkaline conditions J. Colloid Interface Sci. 78 543–553.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mann, S., Cornell, R. M. and Schwertmann, U., 1985 The influence of aluminium on iron oxides: a high-resolution electron microscopy study of aluminous goethites Clay Miner. 20 255–262.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Read, W. T. Jr., Shockley, W., Shockley, W., Holloman, J. H., Mauer, R. and Seitz, F., 1952 Dislocation models of grain boundaries Imperfections in Nearly Perfect Crystals New York Wiley 352–376.Google Scholar
Schulze, D. G. and Schwertmann, U., 1984 The influence of aluminium on iron oxides. X. The properties of Al-substituted goethites Clay Miner. 19 521–529.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schwertmann, U., 1984 The influence of aluminium on iron oxides. IX. Dissolution of Al-goethites in 6 M HCl Clay Miner. 19 9–19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schwertmann, U. and Murad, E., 1983 The effect of pH on the formation ofgoethite and hematite from ferrihydrite Clays & Clay Minerals 31 277–284.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sidhu, P. S., Gilkes, R. J., Cornell, R. M., Posner, A. M. and Quirk, J. P., 1981 Dissolution of iron oxides and oxy-hydroxides in hydrochloric and perchloric acids Clays & Clay Minerals 29 269–276.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, K. L. and Eggleton, R. A., 1983 Botryoidal goethite: a transmission electron microscope study Clays & Clay Minerals 31 392–396.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Watari, F., Delavignette, P. and Amelinckx, S., 1979 Electron microscopic study of dehydration transformations. II. The formation of “superstructures” on the dehydration of goethite and diaspore J. Solid State Chem. 29 417–427.CrossRefGoogle Scholar