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Direct Conversion of Cellulose into 5-HMF by Transition-Metal Doped Montmorillonite Catalyst in Water

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

Ebru Tunç ,
Emir Zafer Hoşgün ,
Halit L. Hoşgün  and
Berrin Bozan
Ebru Tunç
Affiliation:
Engineering Faculty, Chemical Engineering Department, Eskişehir Technical University, Eskişehir, Türkiye
Emir Zafer Hoşgün
Affiliation:
Engineering Faculty, Chemical Engineering Department, Eskişehir Technical University, Eskişehir, Türkiye
Halit L. Hoşgün
Affiliation:
Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Chemical Engineering Department, Bursa Technical University, Bursa, Türkiye
Berrin Bozan*
Affiliation:
Engineering Faculty, Chemical Engineering Department, Eskişehir Technical University, Eskişehir, Türkiye
*
e-mail: bbozan@eskisehir.edu.tr
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Abstract

Catalysts are very important in the use of cellulose, the main component of biomass, as a raw material for the large-scale production of liquid fuels and chemicals. 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is an extremely important intermediate in the fine chemical industry. HMF can be synthesized by acid-catalyzed dehydration of fructose, glucose, cellulose, or sucrose. The conversion of cellulose to HMF is challenging due to its chemical structure. The objective of the present study was to devise a more facile synthesis method using transition metal-doped montmorillonite catalysts (10Cr-Mnt, 10Cu-Mnt, 10Fe-Mnt, and 10Zn-Mnt) by wet impregnation. Samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, specific surface area, and NH3-TPD analyses. The synthesized catalysts were used for the conversion of cellulose to 5-HMF in an aqueous medium. Among the metals studied, Cr showed the greatest catalytic activity. With the use of this catalyst, efficient conversion of cellulose to 5-HMF was achieved, affording a conversion yield of 93.47% and 5-HMF yield of 9.07% within 6 h at 200°C. The study described here could be useful for the efficient conversion of cellulose into 5-HMF, as well as into other biomass-derived chemicals.

Keywords

5-HMFCelluloseHydrothermalMontmorilloniteSolid acidTransition metals
Type
Original Paper
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 71 , Issue 1 , February 2023 , pp. 14 - 24
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Clay Minerals Society 2023

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