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Calcined Palygorskites as Supplementary Cementitious Materials

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

Victor Poussardin ,
Valentin Roux ,
William Wilson ,
Michael Paris ,
Arezki Tagnit-Hamou  and
Dimitri Deneele Open the ORCID record for Dimitri Deneele [Opens in a new window]
Victor Poussardin
Affiliation:
Université Gustave Eiffel, GERS-GIE, F-44344, Bouguenais, France Nantes Université, CNRS, Institut des Matériaux de Nantes Jean Rouxel, IMN F-44000, Nantes, France Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
Valentin Roux
Affiliation:
Nantes Université, CNRS, Institut des Matériaux de Nantes Jean Rouxel, IMN F-44000, Nantes, France Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
William Wilson
Affiliation:
Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
Michael Paris
Affiliation:
Nantes Université, CNRS, Institut des Matériaux de Nantes Jean Rouxel, IMN F-44000, Nantes, France
Arezki Tagnit-Hamou
Affiliation:
Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
Dimitri Deneele*
Affiliation:
Université Gustave Eiffel, GERS-GIE, F-44344, Bouguenais, France Nantes Université, CNRS, Institut des Matériaux de Nantes Jean Rouxel, IMN F-44000, Nantes, France
*
e-mail: dimitri.deneele@univ-eiffel.fr
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Abstract

Reducing the environmental footprint of cement is an absolute necessity to meet the commitments of COP26 and to limit global warming to + 1.5°C compared to the pre-industrial level. In this context, particular interest has developed in recent years in the use of calcined clays as supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs). Due to their high reactivity, large reserves and homogeneous distribution on the earth's surface, calcined clays represent a viable alternative to conventional SCMs. Clay minerals are highly variable and numerous, each with their own characteristics. As a result, not all of them have potential for use as SCMs. The present paper investigated the use of palygorskite (a clay that has been relatively poorly studied) as an SCM. Two commercial palygorskites of different grades were selected and their calcination was studied by X-ray diffraction and pozzolanic activity tests. Blended cements incorporating 20% of each calcined palygorskite were prepared and the mechanical performance and resistivity of the mortars measured. The results show that the optimum calcination temperature is 800°C (allowing complete amorphization of the clay fraction and the highest pozzolanic reactivity) for both clays. Mortars made with 80% ordinary Portland cement (OPC) blended with 20% of 800°C calcined palygorskite allowed a significant increase in compressive strength and electrical resistivity compared to the reference (100% OPC). The clay sample with palygorskite as the dominant mineral exhibited the greatest pozzolanic reactivity and mechanical performance in cementitious systems, confirming that palygorskite is a clay mineral with a significant potential for a use as a SCM. The second sample with smaller palygorskite content also allowed a significant increase in mechanical performance. This demonstrated that it is not necessary to use high-purity samples and enhances the value of this type of material.

Keywords

Blended cementCalcined clayPalygorskiteSCMs
Type
Original Paper
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 70 , Issue 6 , December 2022 , pp. 903 - 915
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Clay Minerals Society 2023

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: Andrey G. Kalinichev

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