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An Improved Model for Structural Transformations of Heat-Treated Aluminous Dioctahedral 2:1 Layer Silicates

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2024

V. A. Drits ,
G. Besson  and
F. Muller
V. A. Drits
Affiliation:
Geological Institute of the Russian Acad. of Sciences, Pyjzhevsky Street 7, 109017 Moscow, Russia
G. Besson
Affiliation:
C.R.M.D., Université-C.N.R.S., B.P. 6759, 45067 ORLEANS Cédex 2, France
F. Muller
Affiliation:
C.R.M.D., Université-C.N.R.S., B.P. 6759, 45067 ORLEANS Cédex 2, France
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Abstract

An improved model for the interpretation of thermal effects during dehydroxylation in aluminous dioctahedral 2:1 layer phyllosilicates considers trans-vacant (tv) and cis-vacant (cv) 2:1 layers and leads to very different temperatures of dehydroxylation for these tv and cv vacant modifications. In particular, smectites and illites consisting of cv 2:1 layers are characterized by dehydroxylated temperatures which are higher by 150°C to 200°C than those for the same minerals consisting of the tv 2:1 layers. A considerable lengthening of the OH-OH edges in cv 2:1 layers in comparison with the OH-OH edges in the tv 2:1 layers is postulated as the reason for the higher dehydroxylation.

Dehydroxylation in aluminous cv 2:1 layer silicates should occur in two stages. Initially, each two adjacent OH groups are replaced by a residual oxygen atom and the Al cations, which originally occupied cis -and trans-sites, become 5- and 6-coordinated, respectively. The structure of 2:1 layers corresponding to this stage of the dehydroxylation is unstable. Thus the Al cations migrate from the former trans-sites to vacant pentagonal prisms. The resulting dehydroxylated structure of the original cv 2:1 layers is similar to that of the former tv 2:1 layers.

Diffraction and structural features of the cv dehydroxylates predicted by the model are in agreement with X-ray diffraction effects observed for cv illite, illite-smectite and montmorillonite samples heated to different temperatures. In particular, the diffusion of Al cations to empty five-fold prisms during dehydroxylation of the tv 2:1 layers explains why dehydroxylation of reheated cv montmorillonites occurs at temperatures lower by 150°C to 200°C than samples that were not recycled.

Keywords

BeidelitesCis-vacant octahedraDehydroxylationIllitesMontmorillonitesTrans-vacant octahedra
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 43 , Issue 6 , December 1995 , pp. 718 - 731
Copyright
Copyright © 1995, The Clay Minerals Society

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