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Distribution of Clay Minerals and Ion-Exchange Capacity in Some Sedimentary Materials

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

John C. Hathaway  and
Dorothy Carroll
John C. Hathaway
Affiliation:
U. S. Geological Survey, Washington, USA
Dorothy Carroll
Affiliation:
U. S. Geological Survey, Washington, USA
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Abstract

The cation-exchange capacity of the clay fraction was determined in 67 samples of various types of sedimentary materials, and the clay minerals were identified from x-ray diffractometer patterns of oriented aggregates. The probable quantitative clay mineral composition was established for each sample assuming a comparable degree of crystallinity for the clay minerals in the sample. Agreement was poor between the ion-exchange capacities determined and those predicted from the clay mineral composition. The results suggest that the figure obtained for the ion-exchange capacity of a sample of sedimentary material may be misleading as a guide to the types of clay minerals present.

The residual soils among the sedimentary materials examined had clay fractions with greater variation in ion-exchange capacity than did unconsolidated sediments generally of alluvial origin.

Type
Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals (National Conference on Clays and Clay Minerals) , Volume 2: Publication 327, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, October 15-17, 1953 , February 1953 , pp. 264 - 276
Copyright
Copyright © Clay Minerals Society 1953

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Footnotes

Publication authorized by the Director, U. S. Geological Survey.

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