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Sorption and transformation of phenols on clay surfaces: effect of exchangeable cations

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2018

P. J. Isaacson  and
B. L. Sawhney
P. J. Isaacson
Affiliation:
Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, Box 1106, 123 Huntington Street. New Haven, CT06504, USA
B. L. Sawhney
Affiliation:
Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, Box 1106, 123 Huntington Street. New Haven, CT06504, USA
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Abstract

The sorption and transformation of phenol, 2-methylphenol, 3-methylphenol, 2,6-dimethylphenol, 3,5-dimethylphenol, and 2,4,6-trimethylphenol, by homoionic Na-, H-, Ca-, Cu-, Al-, and Fe(III)-montmorillonite from both vapour and aqueous phases were examined by IR spectroscopy. All the phenols were sorbed by the clays but were modified to different degrees depending on the exchangeable cations and on the amount and type of alkyl substitution of the phenols. Sorption of 2,6-dimethylphenol from aqueous solution was irreversible, and the extent of sorption followed the order Fe- > Al- > Cu- > Ca-clay. Both transition and non-transition metal cations were effective in transforming the phenol sorbates and heating the clay/phenol complexes further enhanced transformation. The results are discussed in terms of the nature of the transformation products and the likely role of radical reactions in their formation.

Resume

Resume

On a étudié par spectroscopie infra-rouge l'adsorption et la transformation de phénol, 2-méthylphénol, 3-méthylphénol, 2,6-diméthylphénol, 3,5-dyméthylphénol et 2,4,6-tri-méthylphénol par des montmorillonites homoïoniques Na, H, Ca, Cu, Al et Fe(III) aussi bien à partir de phases vapeur que de solutions aqueuses. Tous les phénols sont adsorbés par les argiles, mais sont modifiés à divers degrés en fonction du cation échangeable, du degré et du type de substitution des phenols. L'adsorption du 2,6 diméthylphénol à partir de solutions aqueuses est irréversible et la quantité adsorbée est liée aux cations échangeables selon l'ordre Fe > Al > Cu > Ca. Tous les cations permettent de transformer les phénols adsorbés qu'il transition ou non; en chauffant des complexes argiles/phénols on accroît la transformation. Les résultats sont discutés en fonction de la nature des produits de transformation et du rôle des réactions radicalaires lors de leur transformation.

Kurzreferat

Kurzreferat

Mit Hilfe yon Infrarotspektroskopie wird die Sorption und Umwandlung von Phenol, 2-Methylphenol, 3-Methylphenol, 2,6-Dimethylphenol, 3,5-Dimethylphenol und 2,4,6-Trimethylphenol an homoionischen Na-, H-, Ca, Cu-, Al- und Fe(III)-Montmorilloniten sowohl aus der Gas- als auch aus der wäßrigen Phase untersucht. Alle Phenole werden vom Ton sorbiert: in Abhängigkeit vom austauschbaren Kation und dem Ausmaß und der Art der Alkylsubstitution der Phenole werden sie in unterschiedlicher Weise verändert. Die Sorption yon 2,6-Dimethylphenol aus wäßriger Lösung war irreversibel, und das Ausmaß der Sorption nahm in der Reihenfolge Fe > Al- > Cu- > Ca-Ton ab. Alle Metallkationen verstärkten die Umwandlung der Phenoladsorbate, die durch Erhitzen des Ton Phenol Komplexes noch beschleunigt wurde. Die Ergebnisse der Untersuchungen werden in Verbindung mit der Art der Umwandlungsprodukte und der möglichen Rolle von Radikalreaktionen bei ihrer Bildung diskutiert.

Resumen

Resumen

Se ha estudiado por espectroscopia IR, la adsorción y transformación de fenol, 2-metilfenol, 3-metilfenol, 2,6-dimetilfenol, 3,5-dimetilfenol y 2,4,6-trimetilfenol por montmorillonitas homoiónicas (Na+, H+, Ca2+, Al3+ y Fe3+) tanto en fase vapor como en disolución acuosa. Todos los fenoles son adsorbidos por la arcilla aunque en diferente grado, dependiendo de los cationes de cambio y del tipo de sustitución alquílica en los fenoles. La adsorción del 2,6-dimetilfenol en solución acuosa es un proceso irreversible, y la cantidad adsorbida depende del catión de cambio, siguiendo el orden: Fe > Al > Cu > Ca. Tanto los cationes de metales de transición como los de no-transición producen transformaciones en los fenoles adsorbidos, favorecidas por el aumento de la temperatura. Los resultados se discuten en función de la naturaleza de los productos de transformación y del probable papel que juegan radicales orgánicos en las citadas reacciones.

Type
Research Article
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 18 , Issue 3 , September 1983 , pp. 253 - 265
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 1983

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