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Mineralogy and geochemical affinities of bentonites from Kapıkaya (Eskişehir, western Turkey)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2018

A. Yildiz  and
İ. Dumlupunar
A. Yildiz*
Affiliation:
Engineering Faculty, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
İ. Dumlupunar
Affiliation:
Engineering Faculty, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
*
*E-mail: ayildiz@aku.edu.tr
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Abstract

There are numerous bentonite deposits, formed by the alteration of volcanic rocks, in the Kapıkaya area (Eskişehir, western Turkey). These deposits can be classified into three groups according to their stratigraphical levels. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), major, rare-earth and trace-element analyses of bentonites and their parent rocks from the Kapıkaya area were used to evaluate the mineralogical and geochemical properties of bentonites and their parental affinities. Mineral assemblages resulting from bentonite deposits consist mostly of clay minerals, gypsum, cristobalite/opal-CT, quartz, feldspar, calcite and dolomite. The clay minerals are represented mainly by dioctahedral smectite and lesser amounts of illite and chlorite. The enrichment and depletion of the elements indicates open-system alteration conditions. The enrichments in MgO, Fe2O3, TiO2, Co, Pb, Zn, and Ni are related to the precipitation of hydrothermal solutions channelled throughout ultramafic sources. The main differences in mineralogy and geochemistry of bentonites from the Kapıkaya area are in the smectite composition and the contents of major, rare-earth and other trace elements. The data obtained show that the types of parent rock the influenced the mineralogical and geochemical compositions of the bentonites.

Keywords

EskişehirTurkeybentonitemontmorillonitesmectitehydrothermal alterationelement mobilizationparental affinity
Type
Research Article
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 44 , Issue 3 , September 2009 , pp. 339 - 360
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 2009

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