Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-45l2p Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-28T14:52:38.188Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Halloysite in Argentinian deposits: origin and textural constraints

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2018

F. Cravero ,
P. J. Maiza  and
S. A. Marfil
F. Cravero*
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, INGEOSUR. Universidad Nacional del Sur. San Juan 670. 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina CONICET, Argentina
P. J. Maiza
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, INGEOSUR. Universidad Nacional del Sur. San Juan 670. 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina CONICET, Argentina
S. A. Marfil
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, INGEOSUR. Universidad Nacional del Sur. San Juan 670. 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina CIC of the Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina
*
*E-mail: fcravero@uns.edu.ar
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

In Argentina, the only halloysite deposits found so far are located in the southwest of the province of Rio Negro. The areas are named Mamil Choique and Buitrera, separated by 50 km in a W–E direction. The deposits are located in pyroclastic rocks, rhyolitic tuffs and ignimbrites.

The aim of this paper is to determine the origin of the alteration, any relationship between the processes in Mamil Choique and Buitrera, and the factors which controlled the halloysite formation. The work was based on field work, mineralogical and geochemical studies, form and distribution of the alteration. Fresh as well as altered rocks were collected. The first were studied by petrographic and chemical methods. In altered samples, the clay mineralogy was determined by XRD and textures by SEM and TEM. Chemical analyses on fresh and altered samples were used to characterize the alteration process and the rock composition.

It was concluded that halloysite has been formed by weathering in a time range from Middle Eocene to Middle Oligocene and extended along 50 km in a W-E direction, independent of the source rock. Particle morphology depends on the original texture of the rock. Spheroidal halloysite is related to rocks with low porosity and tubular particles are related to rocks with open spaces.

Keywords

halloysitekaolinPatagoniaArgentina
Type
Research Papers
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 47 , Issue 3 , September 2012 , pp. 329 - 340
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 2012

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Adamo, P., Violante, P. & Wilson, M.J. (2001) Tubular and spheroidal halloysite in pyroclastic deposits in the area of the Roccamonfina volcano – Southern Italy. Geoderma, 99, 295–316.Google Scholar
Aragón, E. & Romero, E.J. (1984) Geología, paleoambientes y paleobotánica de yacimientos terciarios del occidente de Río Negro, Neuquèn y Chubut. IX Congreso Geológico Argentino, S.C. Bariloche 1984, IV, 475–507.Google Scholar
Boynton, W.V. (1984) Cosmochemistry of the rare earth elements: meteorite studies. Pp. 63–114. in: Rare Earth Element Geochemistry (Henderson, P., editor). Elsevier, Amsterdam.Google Scholar
Churchman, G.J. & Carr, R.M. (1975) The definition and nomenclature of halloysites. Clays and Clay Minerals, 23, 382–388.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Churchman, G.J., Whiton, J.S., Claridge, G.G.C & Theng, R.K.G. (1984) Intercalation method using formamide for differentiation halloysite from kaolinite. Clays and Clay Minerals, 32, 241–248.Google Scholar
Churchman, G.J., Pontifex, I.R. & McClure, S.G. (2010) Factors influencing the formation and characteristics of halloysites or kaolinites in granitic and tuffaceous saprolites in Hong Kong. Clays and Clay Minerals, 58, 220–237.Google Scholar
Cravero, F., Martínez, G.A. & Pestalardo, F. (2009) Yacimientos de halloysita en Mamil Choique, Provincia de Río Negro, Patagonia. Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina, 65, 586–592.Google Scholar
Domínguez, E.A. & Maiza, P.J. (1984) Yacimientos no metalíferos y de rocas de aplicación. 9th Congreso Geológico Argentino (San Carlos de Bariloche). Relatorio, 3, 611–628.Google Scholar
Harvey, C.C. (1997) Exploration and assessment of kaolin clays formed from acid volcanic rocks on the Coromadel Peninsula, North Island, New Zealand. Applied Clay Science, 11, 381–392.Google Scholar
Joussein, E., Petit, S., Churchman, J., Theng, B., Righi, D. & Delvaux, B. (2005) Halloysite clay minerals – a review. Clay Minerals, 40, 383–426.Google Scholar
Le Bas, M.J., Le Maitre, R.W., Streckeisen, A. & Zanettin, B. (1986). A chemical classification of volcanic rocks based on the t otal alkali– silica diagram. Journal of Petrology, 27, 745–750.Google Scholar
Lizuain, A. & Silva Nieto, D. (1996) Estratigrafía Mesozoica del río Chubut medio (Sierra de Taquetrèn), provincia de Chubut. XIII Congreso Geológico Argentino y III Congreso de Exploración de Hidrocarburos. Buenos Aires, 1, 479–493.Google Scholar
Llambías, E.J. (2003) Geología de los cuerpos ígneos. Asociación Geológica Argentina, Serie B, Didáctica y Complementaria 27, Instituto Superior de Correlación Geológica, Serie Correlación Geológica, 15, 182 pp., Buenos Aires.Google Scholar
Murray, H.H., Harvey, C. & Smith, J. (1977) Mineralogy and geology of the Maungaparerua halloysite deposit in New Zealand. Clays and Clay Minerals, 25, 1–5.Google Scholar
Pankhurst, R.J., Rapela, C.W., Fanning, C.M. & Marquez, M. (2006) Gondwanide continental collision and the origin of Patagonia. Earth-Science Reviews 76, 235–257.Google Scholar
Papoulis, D., Tsolis-Katagas, P. & Katagas, C. (2004) Progressive stages in the formation of kaolinite from halloysite in the weathering of plagioclase. Clays and Clay Minerals, 52, 271–285.Google Scholar
Parham, W.E. (1969) Halloysite-rich tropical weathering products of Hong Kong. Proceedings International Clay Conference, 403–416.Google Scholar
Peccerillo, A. & Taylor, S.R. (1976) Geochemistry of Eocene calcoalkaline volcanic rocks from the Kastamonu Area, Northern Turkey. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 58, 63–81.Google Scholar
Rapela, C., Spalletti, L., Merodio, J. & Aragón, E. (1984) El vulcanismo Paleoceno-Eoceno de la provincia volcánica Andino-Patagónica. Relatorio 9º Congreso Geológico Argentino, 1(8), 189–213. S. C. de Bariloche.Google Scholar
Rollinson, H.G. (1993) Using Geochemical Data: Evaluation, Representation, Interpretation, 352 pp. Longman Scientific and Technical. Essex.Google Scholar
Sato, K. (1969) The Clays of Japan (S. Iwao, editor). 209 pp. Geological Survey of Japan.Google Scholar
Servicio Geológico Minero (2000) Boletin 311. Hoja Geológica 4169-III Ing. Jacobacci, Rio Negro. Preliminary edition.Google Scholar
Shand, S.J. (1943) Eruptive rocks. Their Genesis, Composition, Classification, and their Relations to Ore Deposits. J. Wiley, New York. 444 pp.Google Scholar
Wilson, I.A. (2004) Kaolin and halloysite deposits of China. Clay Minerals, 39, 1–15.Google Scholar