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The nature and origin of non-marine 10 Å clay from the Late Eocene and Early Oligocene of the Isle of Wight (Hampshire Basin), UK

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2018

J. M. Huggett ,
A. S. Gale  and
N. Clauer
J. M. Huggett*
Affiliation:
School of Earth Sciences, University of Greenwich, Grenville Building, Central Parade, Chatham Maritime, ChathamKent ME4 4AW, UK
A. S. Gale
Affiliation:
School of Earth Sciences, University of Greenwich, Grenville Building, Central Parade, Chatham Maritime, ChathamKent ME4 4AW, UK Department of Palaeontology, Natural History Museum, Cromwell RoadLondon SW7 5BDUK
N. Clauer
Affiliation:
Centre de Géochimie de la Surface (EOST, CNRS-ULP), 1 rue Blessig, 67084, Strasbourg CedexFrance
*
*E-mail: jmhuggett@aol.com
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Abstract

Variegated palaeosols, which formed from weathering of clays, silts and brackish to freshwater limestones, are present in the Late Eocene–Early Oligocene Solent Group of the Hampshire Basin, southern UK. The composition and origin of the clay in three segments of the lower part of the Solent Group have been investigated by X-ray diffraction, microprobe analysis, inductively coupled plasma-mas spectrometry, K/Ar dating, high resolution scanning electron microscopy, analytical transmission electron microscopy and wet chemistry. The detrital clay mineral suite is dominated by illite and smectite with minor kaolinite and chlorite. Seasonal wetting and drying in gley soils has resulted in replacement of smectite by Fe-rich, or illite-rich illitesmectite. Illite has also formed with gypsum and calcite in ephemeral hypersaline alkaline lakes that periodically dried out. This illite may have precipitated directly from solution. X-ray diffraction data and probe analyses indicate that the neoformed illite is Fe-rich. The K and Fe for the illitization are thought to be derived from weathered glauconite reworked from the underlying Bracklesham Group and Barton Beds.

Keywords

non-marine clayillitesmectiteXRDEPMAICP-MSSEMTEMK-Ar datingIsle of WightUK
Type
Research Article
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 36 , Issue 3 , September 2001 , pp. 447 - 464
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 2001

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