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The Energy Situation in China

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 February 2009

Tatsu Kambara
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Extract

With a total population of over a billion people, China requires vast supplies of energy for industrial and economic development. Indeed, in absolute terms, the country ranks third to the United States and the former Soviet Union as a producer and consumer of energy resources. Nevertheless, its per capita energy consumption remains extremely low even for a developing country.

Type
The Chinese Economy in the 1990s
Information
The China Quarterly , Volume 131 , September 1992 , pp. 608 - 636
Copyright
Copyright © The China Quarterly 1992

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References

1. In China, standard coal is deemed to be 7,000 Kcal/kg.

2. According to Yi, Wang Qing (ed.), Energy in China (Beijing, 1988), p. 50Google Scholar, noncommercial energy consumption was 228,400 thousand tonnes SCE in 1984.

3. Statistical Yearbook of China (1991 ed.), pp. 32–33.Google Scholar

4. Energy Statistics Yearbook of China (1991 ed.), p. 5.Google Scholar

5. In Energy of China, No. 3 (1991), p. 5Google Scholar, the energy shortfall is estimated at 3% a year during the Seventh Five-Year Plan period.

6. Estimated by the Energy Research Institute, Beijing.

7. Yi, Wang Qing, Energy in China, p. 47Google Scholar (Table 2–13) calculates that 49,446 thousand tonnes SCE were used in this way during 1985, but leaves it in the total.

8. Energy in China 1990 (Beijing: Ministry of Energy), p. 14.Google Scholar

9. From Energy of China, No. 2 and No. 3 (1991) p. 6 and p. 7.Google Scholar

10. Investments in urban-collective-owned mines is estimated at 7,272 million yuan for 1989 in Coal Industry Yearbook of China (1990 ed.), p. 20.Google Scholar

11. See Energy of China, No. 3 (1991) p. 5.Google Scholar

12. See Energy of China, No. 3 (1991) p. 7Google Scholar, and Hong, Ma and Qing, Song Shang (eds.), Economic Situation and Prospect of China 1990–1991 (Beijing), p. 61.Google Scholar

13. Analysed by the Energy Research Institute, Beijing.

14. Each oil field or coal mine should be carefully examined in respect to its past production history and projected future output volume, taking into consideration geological reserves and production facilities under construction or completed. The sum of these individual production estimates will provide an estimate of total production for each source of energy. Making such calculations is a daunting task, but available data and other information make the exercise feasible.

15. Net supply of energy through the limited Chinese transpon and distribution system can be said to reflect a real supply volume.

16. Official statistic of national economic and social development in 1991. JETRO, Tokyo, Chugoku keizai (Chinese Economy), No. 315 (03 1992), p. 65.Google Scholar

17. Ibid.

18. Energy of China, No. 1 (1992), p. 5.Google Scholar

19. Source made available by the Energy Research Institute, Beijing.