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What is a ventricle?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 December 2011

Robert H. Anderson ,
Timothy J. Mohun  and
Antoon F. M. Moorman
Robert H. Anderson*
Affiliation:
Institute of Medical Genetics, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, London, United Kingdom
Timothy J. Mohun
Affiliation:
Division of Developmental Biology, Medical Research Council – National Institute for Medical Research, London, United Kingdom
Antoon F. M. Moorman
Affiliation:
Department of Anatomy, Embryology and Physiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
*
Correspondence to: Prof. R. H. Anderson, 60 Earlsfield Road, London SW18 3DN, United Kingdom. Tel: +44 20 8870 4368; E-mail: r.anderson@ich.ucl.ac.uk
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Abstract

On the basis of both developmental and morphological evidence, we would suggest that a ventricle is best defined as any chamber within the ventricular mass possessing an apical trabecular component. Such ventricles can be of right or left morphology, and always coexist. The ventricles are normally formed when possessing all three of the inlet, apical trabecular, and outlet components, but incomplete when lacking one or both of the inlet and outlet components. Ventricles that are incomplete because of lack of the inlet component are always hypoplastic, with incomplete right ventricles being positioned antero-superiorly within the ventricular mass, and incomplete left ventricles located postero-inferiorly. Patients having such incomplete ventricles because of the lack of the inlet component have functionally univentricular hearts, although the functionally univentricular arrangement can also be produced in the setting of normally constituted but hypertrophied ventricles. Full analysis of ventricular morphology, therefore, requires attention not only to component make-up, but also size.

Keywords

Embryologymorphologyfunctionally univentricular heart
Type
Original Article
Information
Cardiology in the Young , Volume 21 , Issue S2: A Holistic Approach to Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome and other evolving challenges in Pediatric and Congenital Cardiac Disease , 13 December 2011 , pp. 14 - 22
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2011

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