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Respiratory viral infections are prevalent but uncomplicated in single ventricle CHD

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 April 2022

Brandon J. Calley ,
Liyun Zhang ,
Amy Y. Pan ,
Salil Ginde ,
Steven J. Kindel  and
Andrew D. Spearman Open the ORCID record for Andrew D. Spearman [Opens in a new window]
Brandon J. Calley
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Children’s Wisconsin, Herma Heart Institute, Milwaukee, WI, USA
Liyun Zhang
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Quantitative Health Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Children’s Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
Amy Y. Pan
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Quantitative Health Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Children’s Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
Salil Ginde
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Children’s Wisconsin, Herma Heart Institute, Milwaukee, WI, USA Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
Steven J. Kindel
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Children’s Wisconsin, Herma Heart Institute, Milwaukee, WI, USA Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
Andrew D. Spearman*
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Children’s Wisconsin, Herma Heart Institute, Milwaukee, WI, USA Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Andrew D. Spearman, MD. Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Children’s Wisconsin, Herma Heart Institute, Milwaukee, WI, USA. Tel: +1 414 955 2274; Fax: +1 414 266 2963. E-mail: aspearman@mcw.edu
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Abstract

Background:

Patients with single ventricle CHD have significant morbidity and healthcare utilisation throughout their lifetime, including non-cardiac hospital admissions. Respiratory viral infections are the main cause of hospitalisation in children, but few data exist for single ventricle patients. We sought to identify how respiratory viral infections impact patients with single ventricle CHD and potential differences between Glenn and Fontan circulation.

Methods:

We conducted a retrospective study of patients seen from 01/01/2011–12/31/2020. We identified patients with a history of single ventricle CHD and Glenn palliation, and a normoxic control group with isolated atrial septal defect requiring surgical closure. We compared viral-related clinical presentations, admissions, and admission characteristics.

Results:

A total of 312 patients were included (182 single ventricle, 130 atrial septal defect). Single ventricle patients were more likely than children with isolated atrial septal defect to be admitted with a respiratory virus (odds ratio 4.15 [2.30–7.46]), but there was no difference in mechanical ventilation or hospital length of stay (p = 0.4709). Single ventricle patients with Glenn circulation were more likely than those with Fontan circulation to present and be admitted (odds ratio 3.25 [1.62–6.52]), but there was no difference in ICU admission, mechanical ventilation, or hospital length of stay (p = 0.1516).

Conclusions:

Respiratory viral infections are prevalent but uncomplicated in patients with single ventricle CHD. Viral-related presentations and admissions are more prevalent during the period of Glenn circulation compared to Fontan circulation; however, rate of mechanical ventilation and hospital length of stay are similar.

Keywords

Single ventricleGlennFontancavopulmonary connection
Type
Original Article
Information
Cardiology in the Young , Volume 33 , Issue 4 , April 2023 , pp. 557 - 563
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press

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