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Early weight trends after congenital heart surgery and their determinants

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 December 2019

Nayan Banerji ,
Abish Sudhakar ,
Rakhi Balachandran ,
Gopalraj Sumangala Sunil ,
Brijesh P. Kotayil  and
Raman Krishna Kumar Open the ORCID record for Raman Krishna Kumar [Opens in a new window]
Nayan Banerji
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Cochin, Kerala, India
Abish Sudhakar
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Cochin, Kerala, India
Rakhi Balachandran
Affiliation:
Department of Cardiac Anesthesiology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Cochin, Kerala, India
Gopalraj Sumangala Sunil
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Cochin, Kerala, India
Brijesh P. Kotayil
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Cochin, Kerala, India
Raman Krishna Kumar*
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Cochin, Kerala, India
*
Author for correspondence: R. Krishna Kumar, MD, DM, FAHA, Clinical Professor and Head, Pediatric Cardiology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Cochin 682041, Kerala, India. Tel: +91-4842853570; Fax: +91-484-2852020. E-mail: rkrishnakumar@aims.amrita.edu
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Abstract

Background:

Early weight trends after cardiac surgery in infants from low- and middle-income countries where the majority are undernourished have not been defined. We studied the early post-operative weight trends to identify specific factors associated with early weight loss and poor weight gain after discharge following congenital heart surgery in consecutive infants undergoing cardiac surgery at a referral hospital in Southern India.

Methods:

This was a prospective observational study. Weights of the babies were recorded at different time points during the hospital stay and at 1-month post-discharge. A comprehensive database of pre-operative, operative, and post-operative variables was created and entered into a multivariate logistic regression analysis model to identify factors associated with excessive early weight loss after cardiac surgery, and poor weight gain following hospital discharge.

Results:

The study enrolled 192 infants (mean age 110.7 ± 99.9 days; weight z scores − 2.5 ± 1.5). There was a small but significant (p < 0.001) decline in weight in the hospital following surgery (1.6% decline (interquartile range −5.3 to +1.7)); however, there was substantial growth following discharge (26.7% increase (interquartile range 15.3–41.8)). The variables associated with post-operative weight loss were cumulative nil-per-oral duration and cardiopulmonary bypass time, while weight gain following discharge was only associated with age.

Conclusion:

Weight loss is almost universal early after congenital heart surgery and is associated with complex surgery and cumulative nil-per-oral duration. After discharge, weight gain is almost universal and not associated with any of the perioperative variables.

Keywords

CHDcardiac surgerymalnutrition
Type
Original Article
Information
Cardiology in the Young , Volume 30 , Issue 1 , January 2020 , pp. 89 - 94
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2019

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