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D-Serine in Neurobiology: CNS Neurotransmission and Neuromodulation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 September 2014

Sanaa K. Bardaweel ,
Muhammed Alzweiri  and
Aman A. Ishaqat
Sanaa K. Bardaweel*
Affiliation:
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, the University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
Muhammed Alzweiri
Affiliation:
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, the University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
Aman A. Ishaqat
Affiliation:
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, the University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
*
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, the University of Jordan, Queen Rania Street, Amman 11942, Jordan. email: S.bardaweel@ju.edu.jo
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Abstract

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Homochirality is fundamental for life. L-Amino acids are exclusively used as substrates for the polymerization and formation of peptides and proteins in living systems. However, D- amino acids were recently detected in various living organisms, including mammals. Of these D-amino acids, D-serine has been most extensively studied. D-Serine was found to play an important role as a neurotransmitter in the human central nervous system (CNS) by binding to the N-methyl- D-aspartate receptor (NMDAr). D-Serine binds with high affinity to a co-agonist site at the NMDAr and, along with glutamate, mediates several vital physiological and pathological processes, including NMDAr transmission, synaptic plasticity and neurotoxicity. Therefore, a key role for D-serine as a determinant of NMDAr mediated neurotransmission in mammalian CNS has been suggested. In this context, we review the known functions of D-serine in human physiology, such as CNS development, and pathology, such as neuro-psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases related to NMDAr dysfunction.

Type
Review Article
Information
Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences , Volume 41 , Issue 2 , March 2014 , pp. 164 - 176
Copyright
Copyright © The Canadian Journal of Neurological 2014

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