Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-x4r87 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-25T10:27:14.131Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Adult L2 Acquisition of Two Distinct Phonetic Forms of Anaphora

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 June 2016

Suzanne Flynn*
Affiliation:
Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Extract

Perhaps the most pervasive issue in the study of adult second language (L2) acquisition concerns the relative contribution of prior first language (L1) experience — the contrastive component — and universal grammatical principles — the constructive component — to this language learning process. Concern with this issue stems in part from basic linguistic and psychological questions about the nature of language learning in the adult and in part from the desire to integrate these two components within a framework that can provide for a unified theory of language learning in general. Current research within the field endeavors to isolate and quantify each of these two components in the adult L2 learning process.

Within this context, this paper reports results of an experimental study of the acquisition of anaphora in structures such as in (1) and (2).

  • (1) Alice helped Mary when she walked through the garden.

  • (2) Alice helped Mary when walking through the garden.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Canadian Linguistic Association 1989

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Berwick, Robert 1985 The Acquisition of Syntactic Knowledge. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Chomsky, Noam 1981 Lectures on Government and Binding. Dordrecht: Foris.Google Scholar
Chomsky, Noam 1982 Some Concepts and Consequences of the Theory of Government and Binding. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Chomsky, Carol 1969 The Acquisition of Syntax in Children from 5 to 10. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Clahsen, Harald, and Muysken, Pieter 1990 The UG Paradox in L2 Acquisition. Second Language Research. [Forthcoming.]Google Scholar
Cohen Sherman, Janet 1983 The Acquisition of Control in Complement Sentences: The Role of Structural and Lexical Factors. Ph.D. dissertation, Cornell University.Google Scholar
Cohen Sherman, Janet, and Lust, Barbara 1986 Syntactic and Lexical Constraints on the Acquisition of Control in Complement Sentences. Pp. 279308 in Studies in the Acquisition of Anaphora, Vol. I. Lust, Barbara, ed. Dordrecht: Reidel.Google Scholar
Cohen Sherman, Janet, and Lust, Barbara 1988 Children are in Control. Paper presented at the 13th Annual Boston University Conference on Language Development, Boston, Mass. [Revised version in press.]Google Scholar
Flynn, Suzanne 1989a The Role of the Head-Direction Parameter in the Acquisition of English Relative Clauses. Pp. 89108 in Linguistic Approaches to Second Language Acquisition. Gass, Susan and Schachter, Jackie, eds. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Flynn, Suzanne 1989b Interactions between Second Language and Linguistic Theory. Paper presented at the 18th Annual Linguistics Symposium, University of Wisconsin/Milwaukee.Google Scholar
Flynn, Suzanne 1987 A Parameter-Setting Model of L2 Acquisition: Experimental Studies in Anaphora. Dordrecht: Reidel.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Flynn, Suzanne 1986 Production vs. Comprehension: Differences in Underlying Competences. Studies in Second Language Acquisition 8:135164.Google Scholar
Flynn, Suzanne 1982 Contrast or Construction? Paper presented at the 1982 Boston University Conference on Language, Boston, Mass.Google ScholarPubMed
Flynn, Suzanne, and O’Neil, Wayne, eds. 1988 Linguistic Theory in Second Language Acquisition. Dordrecht: Kluwer.Google Scholar
Flynn, Suzanne, and Brown, Olga 1988 Three Types of Adult Second Language Learning. Paper presented at the 13th annual Boston University Conference on Language Development, Boston, Mass.Google Scholar
Flynn, Suzanne, Lardiere, Donna, and Babyonyshev, Maria 1989 Coordination vs. Subordination in Adult L2 Acquisition of English Anaphora. Paper presented at the International Linguistics Association, N.Y., N.Y. [Revised extended version in preparation.]Google Scholar
Fries, Charles 1945 Teaching and Learning English as a Foreign Language. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.Google Scholar
Hasegawa, Nobuko 1987 Remarks on “Zero Pronominals”: In Defense of Hasegawa (1985/85). Ms.Google Scholar
Hsu, Jennifer, Cairns, Helen, and Fiengo, Robert 1985 The Development of Grammars Underlying Children’s Interpretation of Complex Sentences. Cognition 20:2548.Google Scholar
Huang, James 1984 On the Distribution and Reference of Empty Pronouns. Linguistic Inquiry 15:531574.Google Scholar
Jaeggli, Osvaldo 1980 On Some Phonologically Null Elements in Syntax. Ph.D. dissertation, MIT.Google Scholar
Kapur, Shyam, Lust, Barbara, Harbert, Wayne, and Martohardjono, Gita 1989 On Universal Grammar and Learnability Theory: The Case of Binding Domains and the “Subset Principle.” Paper presented at the Groningen Conference on Language and Knowledge. Groningen.Google Scholar
Kuno, Susumo 1973 The Structure of the Japanese Language. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Kuroda, S.Y. 1965 Generative Grammatical Studies in the Japanese Language. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Lado, Robert 1957 Linguistics Across Cultures. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.Google Scholar
Lujan, Marta 1984 Null Arguments and Overt Pronouns in Spanish. Paper presented at the Linguistic Society of America, Winter Meeting, Baltimore.Google Scholar
Lujan, Marta 1985 Overt Pronouns in Spanish. Pp. 424438 in Chicago Linguistics Society: Papers from the General Session, vol. 21. Eilfort, William H., Kroeber, Paul K., and Peterson, Karen L., eds. Chicago: Chicago Linguistics Society.Google Scholar
Lust, Barbara, Solan, Larry, Flynn, Suzanne, Cross, Catherine, and Schuetz, Elaine 1986 A Comparison of the Constraints on the Acquisition of Null and Pronominal Anaphora in English. Pp. 245277 in Studies in the Acquisition of Anaphora: Defining the Constraints, Vol.1. Lust, Barbara ed., Dordrecht: Reidel.Google Scholar
Lust, Barbara, Chien, Yu-Chin, and Flynn, Suzanne 1987 What Children Know: Methods for the Study of First Language Acquisition. Pp. 271356 in Studies in the Acquisition of Anaphora, Vol. II. Lust, Barbara, ed., Dordrecht: Reidel.Google Scholar
Martohardjono, Gita, and Gair, James W. 1989 Apparent UG Inaccessibility in Second Language Acquisition: Misapplied Principles or Principled Misapplications? Paper presented at the 18th Annual Linguistics Symposium, University of Milwaukee/Wisconsin.Google Scholar
McDaniel, Dana, Cairns, Helen, and Hsu, Jennifer 1988 Binding Principles and Control in Children’s Grammars. Paper presented at the 13th Annual Boston University Conference on Language Development, Boston.Google Scholar
Montalbetti, Mario 1984 After Binding: On the Interpretation of Pronouns. Ph.D. dissertation, MIT.Google Scholar
Oshima, Shin, and Lust, Barbara 1985 Remarks on Anaphora in Japanese Adverbial Clauses. Ms.Google Scholar
Perlmutter, David 1971 Deep and Surface Structure Constraints in Syntax. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.Google Scholar
Rizzi, Luigi 1987 Null Objects in Italian and the Theory of pro. Linguistic Inquiry 17:501557.Google Scholar
Saito, Mamoru 1985 Some Asymmetries in Japanese and Their Theoretical Implications. Ph.D. dissertation, MIT.Google Scholar
Schachter, Jacquelyn 1988 On the Issue of Completeness in Second Language Acquisition. Ms.Google Scholar
Tavakolian, Susan 1978 The Conjoined Clause Analysis of Relative Clauses and Other Structures. Pp. 3983 in Papers in the Structure and Development of Child Language. Goodluck, Helen and Solan, Larry, eds. Amherst: University of Massachusetts.Google Scholar
Whitman, John 1985 A Unified Account of Zero Pronoun Phenomena. Paper presented at UCSD Conference of Japanese Syntax, San Diego, California.Google Scholar