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TOXICITY OF SMOKE FROM SPOROPHORES OF THE INDIAN PAINT FUNGUS AND WOOD FROM WESTERN HEMLOCK TO YELLOWFEVER MOSQUITOES

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

W.P.L. Osborn  and
J.H. Borden
W.P.L. Osborn
Affiliation:
Centre for Pest Management, Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6
J.H. Borden
Affiliation:
Centre for Pest Management, Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6
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Abstract

To mitigate the effects of mosquitoes, settlers in the Revelstoke area of British Columbia reportedly burned the sporophores of the Indian paint fungus, Echinodontium tinctorium (Ell. & Ev.) Ell. & Ev., a pathogen of western hemlock, Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg., and true firs, Abies spp. Larval and adult yellowfever mosquitoes, Aedes aegypti (L.), were exposed to aqueous extracts of smoke (smoke-waters) from E. tinctorium sporophores, and from western hemlock sapwood and heartwood. Smoke-waters were of approximately equal toxicity to larvae. Fungus smoke-water, but not sapwood or heartwood smoke-waters, lost 50% of its potency in 5 months. Vapors from fungus smoke-water were significantly more toxic to adult mosquitoes than those from sapwood or heartwood. Thus smoke from E. tinctorium sporophores and T. heterophylla wood apparently contain different water-soluble combustion products toxic to A. aegypti.

Résumé

Afin de résister aux maringouins, les colons de la région de Revelstoke en Colombie Britannique auraient brûlé les sporophores du champignon à pigment des Indiens Echinodontium tinctorium (Ell. & Ev.) Ell. & Ev., un pathogène de la pruche occidentale, Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg., et des sapins, Abies spp. On a exposé les larves et les adultes de la stégomyie, Aedes aegypti (L.) à des extraits aqueux de la fumée (eau de fumée) des sporophores de E. tinctorium, de même que du liber et du bois de coeur de la pruche occidentale. Les eaux de fumée ont montré une toxicité égale pour les larves. L’eau de fumée du champignon avait perdu ses propriétés après 5 mois, contrairement à l’eau de fumée du liber ou du bois. Les vapeurs d’eau de fumée du champignon se sont avérées significativement plus toxiques pour les maringouins adultes que celles du liber et du bois de coeur. Il semblerait donc que la fumée des sporophores de E. tinctorium et de la pruche occidentale contiennent divers produits de combustion solubles dans l’eau, produits toxiques pour A. aegypti.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 119 , Issue 12 , December 1987 , pp. 1109 - 1115
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1987

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