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Temporal and geographical distribution patterns of cabbage seedpod weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in canola

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

L.M. Dosdall ,
R.M. Weiss ,
O. Olfert  and
H.A. Cárcamo
L.M. Dosdall*
Affiliation:
Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, 4-10 Agriculture/Forestry Centre, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2P5
R.M. Weiss
Affiliation:
Saskatoon Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 0X2
O. Olfert
Affiliation:
Saskatoon Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 0X2
H.A. Cárcamo
Affiliation:
Lethbridge Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, PO Box 3000, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada T1J 4B1
*
1 Corresponding author (e-mail: lloyd.dosdall@ualberta.ca).
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Abstract

The cabbage seedpod weevil, Ceutorhynchus obstrictus (Marsham), was discovered infesting canola [Brassica napus L. and Brassica rapa L. (Brassicaceae)] in southern Alberta in 1995, and by 1999 its populations had reached outbreak densities. The weevil has dispersed rapidly through cropland in the southern prairies, prompting this study to assess its potential for establishment in Canada's primary region of canola production in the Moist Mixed Grassland and Aspen Parkland ecoregions. In this study, both short- (24 h) and long-term (4 years) distribution patterns of cabbage seedpod weevil were examined, and these data were combined with previously published ecological findings and meteorological data in CLIMEX™ software to predict regions of western Canada where economically important infestations are likely to occur. Adult temporal distributions over 24 h on canola in bud and flower remained restricted primarily to the inflorescence rather than on stems and leaves regardless of time of day. Surveys conducted in commercial canola fields from 1997 to 2000 recorded rapid dispersal of the species to the north and east from the region of southern Alberta where it was initially found. Dispersal occurred at a rate of approximately 55 km/year, and in 2000 C. obstrictus populations were found in Saskatchewan for the first time. The CLIMEX™ model predicts that the distribution of C. obstrictus will eventually encompass the entire region of canola production in western Canada.

Résumé

Le charançon de la graine du chou, Ceutorhynchus obstrictus (Marsham), a été découvert dans les cultures de colza [Brassica napus L. et Brassica rapa L. (Brassicaceae)] du sud de l'Alberta en 1995 et, déjà en 1999, les populations avaient atteint des proportions épidémiques. Le charançon s'est répandu rapidement dans les terres cultivées du sud des Prairies, ce qui a donné le coup d'envoi à cette étude pour évaluer la probabilité de son établissement dans la principale zone de production canadienne de colza, dans les écorégions des prairies humides mixtes et des tremblaies-parcs. Au cours de notre étude, les patterns de répartition à court terme (24 h) et à long terme (4 ans) du charançon de la graine du chou ont été examinés et ces données ont été combinées à des données écologiques déjà publiées et à des données météorologiques du logiciel CLIMEX™ pour permettre de prédire quelles régions de l'ouest du Canada sont le plus susceptibles de subir des infestations d'importance économique. Les répartitions temporelles des adultes au cours de périodes de 24 h sur le colza, dans les bourgeons et dans les fleurs, étaient restreintes aux inflorescences et ne s'étendaient ni aux tiges, ni aux feuilles, indépendamment de l'heure de la journée. Des inventaires de champs commerciaux de colza de 1997 à 2000 ont mis en lumière la dispersion rapide de l'espèce de la région sud de l'Alberta, où elle est d'abord apparue, vers le nord et vers l'est. La dispersion s'est faite à raison d'environ 55 km/année, et en 2000, des populations de C. obstrictus ont été trouvées pour la première fois en Saskatchewan. Le modèle CLIMEX™ prédit que la répartition de C. obstrictus couvrira éventuellement toute la région productrice de colza de l'ouest du Canada.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 134 , Issue 3 , June 2002 , pp. 403 - 418
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2002

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