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SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION AND SAMPLING PLANS WITH FIXED LEVELS OF PRECISION FOR CEREAL APHIDS (HOMOPTERA: APHIDIDAE) INFESTING SPRING WHEAT

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Philip J. Boeve
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, North Dakota State University, Box 5346, Fargo, North Dakota, USA 58105-5346
Michael Weiss*
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, North Dakota State University, Box 5346, Fargo, North Dakota, USA 58105-5346
*
2Author to whom all correspondence should he addressed.

Abstract

Three cereal aphids, Rhopalosiphum padi (L.), Schizaphis graminum (Rondani), and Sitobion avenae (F.), invade wheat fields in the northern Great Plains each spring, and populations occasionally reach economic levels. The first objective of this study was to describe the spatial distribution of three species of cereal aphids infesting hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The second objective was to develop two sampling plans for cereal aphids using individual stems as the sampling unit, a sampling plan with fixed levels of precision and a sequential sampling decision plan based on total numbers of aphids present. Aphid population estimates were collected from 47 eastern North Dakota spring wheat fields during 1993–1995. The number of aphids per stem were counted on 100–350 stems per field. Taylor’s power law and Iwao’s patchiness regression were used to analyze the spatial distribution of the aphids. Rhopalosiphum padi and S. avenae exhibited an aggregated distribution, whereas S. graminum was distributed randomly in the field. Taylor’s power law provided a better fit to the data than Iwao’s patchiness regression. Sample size requirements for precision levels of 0.10, 0.15, and 0.25 were estimated with Taylor’s regression coefficients. Required sample sizes increased with decreased aphid populations and increased levels of precision. The two sampling plans presented should be useful for research on cereal aphid population dynamics and pest management decision making in spring wheat.

Résumé

Chaque printemps, trois pucerons des céréales, Rhopalosiphum padi (L.), Schizaphis graminum (Rondani) et Sitobion avenae (F.), envahissent les champs de blé du nord de la région des Grandes Plaines et les populations atteignent parfois des proportions d’importance économique. Le premier but de cette étude était de décrire la répartition spatiale de trois espèces de pucerons qui infestent les cultures de blé dur roux de printemps (Triticum aestivum L.). Le deuxième objectif était de mettre au point deux plans d’échantillonnage des pucerons utilisant des tiges de blé comme unités d’échantillonnage, le premier plan avec un niveau de précision fixe, le second étant un plan d’échantillonnage séquentiel décisionnel basé sur le nombre total de pucerons présents. Les populations de pucerons ont été évaluées dans 47 champs de blé de printemps de l’est du Dakota du Nord en 1993–1995. Le nombre de pucerons a été compté sur 100–350 tiges par champ. La loi de la puissance de Taylor et la régression sur structure agrégée d’Iwao ont servi à analyser la répartition spatiale des pucerons. Rhopalosiphum padi et S. avenae ont une répartition contagieuse, alors que S. graminum a une répartition aléatoire. La loi de Taylor s’ajuste mieux aux données que la régression sur structure agrégée d’Iwao. La taille des échantillons nécessaire pour obtenir des niveaux de précision de 0,10, 0,15 et 0,25 a été estimée en utilisant les coefficients de régression de Taylor. La taille d’échantillon requise augmente en fonction inverse de la taille des populations de pucerons et en fonction directe du niveau de précision voulu. Ces deux plans d’échantillonnage devraient s’avérer très utiles pour la recherche sur la dynamique des populations de pucerons et pour la prise de décision dans les programmes de lutte contre les ravageurs dans les champs de blé de printemps.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1998

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