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SAMPLING METHODS FOR ESTIMATING THE ABUNDANCE AND DISTRIBUTION OF ALL LIFE STAGES OF THE APPLE MAGGOT, RHAGOLETIS POMONELLA (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

P. J. Cameron  and
F. O. Morrison
P. J. Cameron
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Macdonald College of McGill University, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Quebec
F. O. Morrison
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Macdonald College of McGill University, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Quebec
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Abstract

Sampling techniques for all life stages of the apple maggot, Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh), were developed and their precision and accuracy evaluated. Reliable estimates were obtained for the egg and larval stages (standard error < 10%), but at the low population levels often encountered in the pupal and adult stages it was necessary to accept a lower level of precision (S.E. ≏ 25%). Eggs and larvae were uniformly distributed within trees. Variation between tree quadrants, and sections at different radii from the trunk, showed that stratification within trees was necessary for reliable estimation of the later stages. Predators acting in a heterogeneous environment under the trees were considered to be the major contributors to this variation. The most consistent source of variation was that between trees.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 106 , Issue 10 , October 1974 , pp. 1025 - 1034
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1974

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