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REPRODUCTIVE BEHAVIOUR OF THE DOUGLAS-FIR CONE GALL MIDGE, CONTARINIA OREGONENSIS (DIPTERA: CECIDOMYIIDAE)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

G. E. Miller  and
J. H. Borden
G. E. Miller
Affiliation:
Canadian Forestry Service, Pacific Forest Research Centre, Victoria, British Columbia V8Z 1M5
J. H. Borden
Affiliation:
Pest Management Centre, Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6
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Abstract

The reproductive behaviour of the Douglas-fir cone gall midge, Contarinia oregonensis Foote, was studied in the laboratory and in cages outdoors. Adult emergence began in mid-April outdoors and lasted about 2 weeks. Emergence began outdoors at 0600–0700 h Pacific Standard Time, peaked at 1100 h and continued until 1900 h; females dominated emergence early in the day. Mating occurred on or near the duff from which females emerged. Virgin females appeared to “call” males by extending their ovipositors and waving them back and forth, and this behaviour was followed by mating. Laboratory bioassay s using rinses of female abdomens gave further evidence that virgin females produce a sex pheromone. Oviposition behaviour on already infested conelets differed from that on uninfested conelets and suggested the presence of an oviposition deterrent. The mean number of eggs developed by the females was 254, 93% of which were usually laid during the life of the females.

Résumé

Les auteurs ont étudié, au laboratoire et dans des cages à l'extérieur, le comportement de reproduction de la cécidomyie des cônes du douglas, Contarinia oregonensis Foote. La sortie des adultes a commencé à la mi-avril à l'extérieur et s'est poursuivie pendant environ deux semaines. Elle débutait vers 6 ou 7 h (heure normale du Pacifique), atteignait un summum à 11 h et se poursuivait jusqu'à 19 h. Les femelles prédominaient au début de la journée. L'accouplement avait lieu sur la litière qui avait vu sortir la femelle ou à proximité. Les femelles vierges semblaient appeler les mâles en tendant leur ovipositeur et en le déplaçant en un mouvement de va-et-vient. Il y a corrélation entre ce comportement et l'accouplement. Des bio-essais au laboratoire à l'aide de rinçages d'abdomens de femelles ont apporté une indication supplémentaire de la production d'une phéromone sexuelle par les femelles vierges. On a observé un comportement d'oviposition différent sur les cônelets selon que ceux-ci étaient ou non préalablement infestés, ce qui laisse croire à la présence d'un agent défavorable à l'oviposition. Le nombre moyen d'oeufs produits par une femelle est de 254, et 94% d'entre eux sont pondus au cours de la vie de la femelle.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 116 , Issue 4 , April 1984 , pp. 607 - 618
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1984

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