Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-sh8wx Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-16T17:51:42.293Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Reproduction of the Pine Needle Scale, Phenacaspis pinifoliae (Fitch), (Homoptera: Diaspididae)1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

C. E. Brown
Affiliation:
Forest Biology Laboratory, Calgary, Alberta.

Extract

Investigations have shown that several types of reproduction commonly occur in the Coccoidea. Some soecies reproduce in the usual sexual manner. some parhenogenetically, some by either of these two methods depending upon whether or not fertilization takis place; others reproduce hermaphroditically. The type of reproduction is not confined to any particular group but is found throughout the superfamily.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1959

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Basinger, A. J. 1934. Reproduction in mealybugs. Ann. Ent. Soc. Am. 27: 1720.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brown, C. E. 1954. A study of the progeny of mated and unmated females of the pine needle scale Phenacaspis pinifoliae (Fitch) (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Master's Thesis University of Minnesota, mim. Pp. 63.Google Scholar
Cumming, M. E. P. 1950. A study of the pine needle scale, Phenacaspis pinifoliae (Fitch). Master's Thesis, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask.Google Scholar
Cumming, M. E. P. 1953. Notes on the life history and seasonal development of the pine needle scale, Phenacaspis pinifoliae (Fitch) (Diaspididae: Homoptera). Can. Ent. 85: 347358.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hughes-Schrader, S. 1930. Contributions to the life history of the iceryine coccids with special reference to parthenogenesis and hermaphroditism. Ann. Ent. Soc. Am. 23: 359380.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
James, H. C. 1937. The effect of delayed fertilization on the sex-ratio of a species of insects in which the female is the heterogametic sex (Ephestia kuhniella Zeil. Lepid. Phycitidae). Proc. R. Ent. Soc. London (A) 12: 9298.Google Scholar
James, H. C. 1939. Further studies on the reproductive methods of certain species of Coccidae (Homoptera). Trans. R. Ent. Soc. London 89: 569577.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Le Baron, Wm. 1871. The white pine leaf-louse. 2nd Annual Report on the Noxious Insects of the State of Illinois, p. 83.Google Scholar
Peterson, L. O. T. 1932–1950. Unpublished reports. Laboratory of Forest Biology, Indian Head, Sask.Google Scholar
Schrader, F. 1929. Notes on the reproduction of Aspidiotus hederae (Coccidae). Psyche 36: 233236.Google Scholar
Stafford, E. M. 1947. Possible control of some insects by killing the males. Jour. Econ. Ent. 40: 278.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wigglesworth, V. B. 1950. The Principles of insect physiology. 4th Ed.E. P. Dutton & Co. Inc. New York, p. 478.Google Scholar