Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-r5zm4 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-17T14:41:37.634Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

QUANTIFICATION OF MANDIBULAR WEAR OF FEMALE ALFALFA LEAFCUTTER BEES, MEGACHILE ROTUNDATA (F.) (HYMENOPTERA: MEGACHILIDAE), BY IMAGE ANALYSIS1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

E.G. Kokko*
Affiliation:
Agriculture Canada Research Station, PO Box 3000 Main, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada T1J 4B1
B.D. Schaber
Affiliation:
Agriculture Canada Research Station, PO Box 3000 Main, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada T1J 4B1
T. Entz
Affiliation:
Agriculture Canada Research Station, PO Box 3000 Main, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada T1J 4B1
*
2Author to whom reprint requests and correspondence should be addressed.

Abstract

In southern Alberta, alfalfa seed yields are related to the amount of pollination that occurs before mid-August by the major pollinator, the alfalfa leafcutter bee, Megachile rotundata (F.). Cutting the leaves causes wear to the bee’s mandibular teeth and could reduce the bee’s pollination efficiency and, ultimately, seed production. A method is described for employing digital image analysis to measure mandibular tooth areas for alfalfa leafcutter bees. The method is relatively quick and has high precision and repeatability. This method was used to measure the area of the mandibular teeth for leafcutter bees, before and after foraging in alfalfa seed fields, to evaluate differences in mandibular wear. Analysis of mandibles showed that foraging leafcutter bees collected in late July had significantly smaller tooth areas than pre-foraging bees collected prior to release in June.

Résumé

Dans le sud de l’Alberta, la biomasse des graines de luzerne dépend de l’importance de la pollinisation par le principal pollinisateur, la Découpeuse de la luzerne, Megachile rotundata (F.) avant le milieu du mois d’août. Le découpage des feuilles use les dents mandibulaires des abeilles et il se peut que cette usure entrave l’efficacité de la pollinisation et, en fin de compte, diminue la production de graines. On trouvera ici la description d’une méthode de mesure de la surface mandibulaire des découpeuses par analyse d’images. Cette technique est relativement rapide et donne des résultats d’une grande précision avec possibilité de réplication; elle nous a permis de mesurer la surface des dents mandibulaires de découpeuses avant et après leur passage dans des champs de luzerne et d’évaluer ainsi l’usure des mandibules. L’analyse des résultats a démontré que la surface des mandibules était significativement plus petite chez les découpeuses capturées en juillet que chez les découpeuses capturées avant la période d’alimentation, c’est-à-dire avant leur libération en juin.

[Traduit par la rédaction]

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1993

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

1

Contribution No. 3879242 of the Lethbridge Research Station.

References

Arens, W. 1990. Wear and tear of mouthparts: A critical problem in stream animals feeding on epilithic algae. Canadian Journal of Zoology 68: 18961914.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chapman, R.F. 1964. The structure and wear of mandibles in some African grasshoppers. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 142: 107121.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Klostermeyer, E.C. 1982. Biology of the alfalfa leafcutting bee. pp. 1020.in Rank, G.H. (Ed.), Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Alfalfa Leafcutting Bee Management. University of Saskatchewan Printing Service, Saskatoon, Sask.Google Scholar
Lilly, C.E., and Hobbs, G.A.. 1962. Effects of spring burning and insecticides on the superb plant bug, Adelphocoris superbus (Uhl.), and associated fauna in alfalfa seed fields. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 42: 5361.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Michener, C.D., and Wille, A.. 1961. The bionomics of a primitively social bee, Lasioglossum inconspicuum. University of Kansas Science Bulletin 42: 11231202.Google Scholar
Raupp, M.J. 1985. Effects of leaf toughness on mandibular wear of the leaf beetle, Plagiodera versicolor. Ecological Entomology 10: 7379.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rausher, M.D. 1981. Host plant selection by Battus philenor butterflies: The roles of predation, nutrition and plant chemistry. Ecological Monographs 51: 120.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Richards, K.W. 1984. Alfalfa Leafcutter Bee Management in Western Canada. Agriculture Canada Publication 1495: 56 pp.Google Scholar
SAS Institute Inc. 1989. SAS/STAT User's Guide, Version 6, Fourth Edition. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC.Google Scholar
Schaber, B.D., and Entz, T.. 1988. Effect of spring burning on insects in seed alfalfa fields. Journal of Economic Entomology 81: 668672.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tanton, M.T. 1962. The effects of leaf ‘toughness’ on the feeding of larvae of the mustard beetle. Entomological Experimentation and Application 5: 7478.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Williams, L.H. 1954. The feeding habits and food preference of Acrididae and the factors which determine them. Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London 105: 423454.CrossRefGoogle Scholar