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A PHENOLOGY MODEL AND FIELD EVALUATION OF BEAUVERIA BASSIANA (BALS.) VUILLEMIN (DEUTEROMYCOTINA: HYPHOMYCETES) MYCOSIS OF THE EUROPEAN CORN BORER, OSTRINIA NUBILALIS (HBN.) (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Ziding Feng ,
Raymond I. Carruthers ,
Timothy S. Larkin  and
Donald W. Roberts
Ziding Feng
Affiliation:
Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Plant Protection Research Unit, Boyce Thompson Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA14853
Raymond I. Carruthers
Affiliation:
Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Plant Protection Research Unit, Boyce Thompson Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA14853
Timothy S. Larkin
Affiliation:
Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Plant Protection Research Unit, Boyce Thompson Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA14853
Donald W. Roberts
Affiliation:
Boyce Thompson Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA14853
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Abstract

A simulation model was developed to predict the timing of European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hbn.), larval mortality following exposure to Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuillemin conidia. Model response was compared with laboratory and field data collected specifically for model validation. In laboratory validation experiments, four conidial doses of a B. bassiana isolate collected from the People’s Republic of China were applied to European corn borer larvae which were then incubated at fluctuating temperatures. Simulation results compared favorably with fungal development and mycosis under laboratory conditions. Field validation experiments showed that applications of B. bassiana to European corn borer neonates in whorl-stage corn resulted in mortality levels over 60% when conidia and European corn borers were placed on the plants on the same day. When B. bassiana conidia were placed on plants prior to European corn borers, mortality decreased linearly with time. Model predictions of the timing of European corn borer mortality were found to be accurate when B. bassiana conidia were placed on corn plants at the same time or prior to European corn borers. When European corn borers were placed on plants prior to conidia, the model underestimated the time to European corn borer death. Lack of model fit in this situation is thought to be due to delayed host and pathogen interactions on the corn plant rather than poor prediction of the physiological development of the disease.

Résumé

On a élaboré un modèle de simulation permettant de prévoir l’évolution temporelle de la mortalité larvaire de la pyrale du maïs, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hbn.) suite à l’exposition des larves aux conidies du Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuillemin. La validité du modèle a été testée sur la base de données collectées spécifiquement à cette fin au laboratoire et sur le terrain. Lors des tests en laboratoire, quatre dosages des conidies d’un isolat du B. bassiana collecté en République Populaire de Chine ont été utilisées sur des larves de la pyrale incubées dans des conditions fluctuantes de température. Les résultats de simulation se comparaient favorablement aux observations faites en laboratoire du développement fongique et de la mycose. Les tests de validation sur le terrain ont montré que le traitement au B. bassiana de larves néonates au stade verticille du plant de maïs a causé une mortalité de plus de 60% lorsque les conidies et les larves étaient déposés sur les plants le même jour. Lorsque les conidies ont été déposées sur les plants avant les pyrales, la mortalité a diminué linéairement avec le temps. Les prévisions de l’évolution temporelle de la mortalité étaient exactes lorsque les conidies du B. bassiana étaient déposées sur le plant de maïs en même temps ou après les larves. Lorsque les larves de la pyrale étaient placées avant les conidies, le modèle sous-estimait le délai précédant la mortalité. On croit que l’imprécision du modèle dans ce cas est dû au retardement de l’interaction pathogène-hôte sur le plant, plutôt qu’à l’inefficacité du modèle à prédire le développement physiologique de la maladie.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 120 , Issue 2 , February 1988 , pp. 133 - 144
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1988

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