Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-gq7q9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-17T05:59:13.601Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The Introduced Parasites of the European Pine Shoot Moth, Rhyacionia buoliana (Schiff.) (Lepidoptera: Olethreutidae), with a Critical Evaluation of Their Usefulness as Control Agents

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

A. P. Arthur
Affiliation:
Entomology Research Institute for Biological Control, Research Branch, Canada Department of Agriculture, Belleville, Ontario
J. A. Juillet
Affiliation:
Entomology Research Institute for Biological Control, Research Branch, Canada Department of Agriculture, Belleville, Ontario

Extract

Two aspects of the biological control of R. buoliana are reported in this paper. From 1949 to 1957 rearing techniques were developed for and observations were made of the abundance and biology of parasites received in host material that was collected in Europe (Arthur). From 1955 to 1959 a critical evaluation of the parasites was made, largely based on a study at Elmira, Ontario, of the biology and habits of five representative parasitic species in the field and the laboratory to determine factors that limit their efficiency (Juillet).

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1961

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Arthur, A. P., and Juillet, J.. 1957. Biological control of the European pine shoot moth, Rhyacionia buoliana (Schiff.). Canada Dept. Agr., Res. Br., Ent. Res. lnst. for Biol. Control, Belleville, Ann. Tech. Rept. 1955.Google Scholar
Arthur, A. P., Juillet, J., and Harris, P.. 1958. Biological control of the European pine shoot moth, Rhyacionia buoliana (Schiff.). Canada Dept. Agr., Res. Br., Ent. Res. Inst. for Biol. Control, Belleville, Ann. Tech. Rept. 1957.Google Scholar
Arthur, A. P., and Wylie, H. G.. 1959, Effects of host size on sex ratio, development time and size of Pimpla turionellae (L.) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). Entomophaga 4: 297301.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baird, A. B. 1938. Summary of insect parasites and predators liberated in Canada (to December 31, 1937). Canadian Insect Pest Rev. 16 suppl. to No. 1.Google Scholar
Baker, W. A., Bradley, W. G., and Clark, C. A.. 1949. Biological control of the European corn borer in the United States. U.S.D.A. Tech. Bull. 983.Google Scholar
Baker, W. A., and Jones, L. G.. 1934. Studies of Exeristes roborator (Fab.), a parasite of the European corn borer in the Lake Erie area. U.S.D.A. Tech. Bull. 460.Google Scholar
Balch, R. E. 1960. The approach to biological control in forest entomology. Canadian Ent. 92: 297310.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berger, H., and Cramer, H. H., 1957. Triebschädigungen in Kiefern-gungwüchsen aus der Forstschutzstalle Südwest. Holtz-Zentralblatt, Stuttgart 126: 15431545.Google Scholar
Bergold, G., and Ripper, W.. 1937. Perilampus tristis Mayr. als Hyperparasit des Kieferntriebwicklers (Rhyacionia buoliana Schiff.). Z. Parasitenk., Berlin 9: 394417.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berry, P. A. 1939. Biology and habits of Ephialtes turionellae (L.) a pupal parasite of the European pine shoot moth. J. Econ. Ent. 32: 717721.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brooks, C. C., and Brown, J. M. B.. 1936. Studies on the pine shoot moth (Evetria buoliana Schiff.). Bull. For Comm. 16: 146.Google Scholar
Busck, A. 1914. A destructive pine moth introduced from Europe. J. Econ. Ent. 7: 340341.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Butovitsch, V. 1936. Studier över Tallskottvecklaren, Evetria buoliana Schiff. Dal. 1, Statens Skogsforsoksanstalt Meddel. Stockholm 29: 471551. [In Swedish and German.]Google Scholar
Coppel, H. C., and Arthur, A. P.. [1954]. Notes on introduced parasites of the European pine shoot moth, Rhyacionia buoliana (Schiff.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), in Ontario. Ann. Rept. Ent. Soc. Ontario 84 (1953): 155158.Google Scholar
Coppel, H. C., Arthur, A. P., and Maw, M. G.. 1955. Biological control of the European pine shoot moth, Rhyacionia buoliana (Schiff.). Canada Dept. Agr., Res. Br., Ent. Res. lnst. for Biol. Control, Belleville, Ann. Tech. Rept. 1954.Google Scholar
Dowden, P. B., and Berry, P. A.. 1938. European parasites of Rhyacionia buoliana (Schiff.), Coleophora laricella Hbn., and Phyllotoma nemorata (Fall.). J. Econ. Ent. 31: 459460.Google Scholar
Escherich, K. 1931. Die Forstinsekten Mitteleuropas. Verlagsbuchhandlung Paul Parey, Berlin, pp. 283292.Google Scholar
Friend, R. B. 1935. The European pine shoot moth in Connecticut. 65th Ann. Rept. Ent. Soc. Ontario 65 (1934): 5054.Google Scholar
Friend, R. B., and Hicock, H. W.. 1935. The European pine shoot moth. Proc. Ann. Meeting Natl. Shade Tree Conference 11: 9095.Google Scholar
Friend, R. B., and West, A. S.. 1933. The European pine shoot moth (Rhyacionia buoliana Schiff.), with special reference to its occurrence in the Eli Whitney Forest, Yale Univ., School of Forestry Bull. 37.Google Scholar
Harris, P. In press. Natural mortality of the pine shoot moth, Rhyacionia buoliana (Schiff.) (Lepidoptera: Olethreutidae). Can. J. Zool.Google Scholar
Juillet, J. A. 1959. Morphology of immature stages, life history, and behaviour of three hymenopterous parasites of the European pine shoot moth, Rhyacionia buoliana (Schiff.) (Lepidoptera: Olethreutidae). Canadian Ent. 91: 709719.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Juillet, J. A. 1960a. Immature stages, life histories, and behaviour of two hymenopterous parasites of the Europen pine shoot moth, Rhyacionia buoliana (Schiff.) (Lepidoptera: Olethreutidae). Canadian Ent. 92: 342346.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Juillet, J. A. 1960b. Resistance to low temperatures of the overwintering stages of two introduced parasites of the European pine shoot moth, Rhyacionia buoliana (Schiff.) (Lepidoptera: Olethreutidae). Canadian Ent. 92: 701704.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Juillet, J., Arthur, A. P., and Harris, P.. 1958. Biological control of the European pine shoot moth, Rhyacionia buoliana (Schiff.). Canada Dept. Agr., Res. Br., Ent. Res. Inst. for Biol. Control, Belleville, Ann. Tech. Rept. 1958.Google Scholar
Leius, K. 1960. Attractiveness of different foods and flowers to the adults of some hymenopterous parasites. Canadian Ent. 92: 369376.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Martin, J. L. 1959. The bionomics of the pine bud moth, Exoteleia dodecella L. (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), in Ontario. Canadian Ent. 91: 514.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Martineau, R., and Béique, R.. 1954. Canada Dept. Agr., Res. Br., For. Ins. and Disease Survey, Ann. Rept. 1954, p. 34.Google Scholar
Mathers, W. G., and Olds, H. F.. 1940. The European pine shoot moth in British Columbia. J. Econ. Ent. 33: 941.Google Scholar
Maw, M. G., and Arthur, A. P.. 1958. Canada Dept. Agr., Sci. Service, Ent. Lab., Belleville, Ann Tech. Rept. 1957–58, p. 47.Google Scholar
McLaine, L. S. 1926. A preliminary announcement of the outbreak of the European pine shoot moth. Ann. Rept. Ent. Soc. Ontario 56 (1925): 7172.Google Scholar
Mesnil, L. P. 1958. Considerations of the use of polyvalent parasites on predators in biological control. Trans. First Int. Conf. Insect Pathology and Biol. Control, Prague, pp. 427440.Google Scholar
Miller, W. E. 1960. Discovery in Michigan of Orgilus obscurator (Nees), a foreign parasite of the European pine shoot moth. J. Econ. Ent. 53: 318.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ratzeburg, J. T. C. 1840. Die Forst. Insekten., Berlin 2: 202207.Google Scholar
Ratzeburg, J. T. C. 1868. Die Waldverderbniss, Berlin 2: 409410.Google Scholar
Reeks, W. A., Carroll, W. J., Underwoods, G. R. and Cunning, F. G.. 1954. Canada Dept. Agr., Res. Br., For. Ins. and Disease Survey, Ann. Rept. 1953, p. 15.Google Scholar
Reeks, W. A., Forbes, R. S., and Cunning, F. G.. 1951. Canada Dept. Agr., Res. Br., For. Ins. and Disease Survey, Ann. Rept. 1950, p. 11.Google Scholar
Rosenberg, H. T. 1934. The biology and distribution in France of the larval parasites of Cydia pomonella L. Bull. Ent. Res. 25: 201256.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ruschka, F. 1924. Klein Beiträge zur Kenntnis der forstlichen Chalcididen und Proctotrupiden von Schweden. Ent. Tidskr., Stockholm, 45: 616.Google Scholar
Sellers, W. F. 1953. A critique on the time factor in biological control. Bull. Ent. Res. 44: 273289.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simmonds, F. J. 1959. Biological control — past, present and future. J. Econ. Ent. 52: 10991102.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thorpe, W. H. 1930. Observations on the parasites of the pine-shoot moth, Rhyacionia buoliana Schiff. Bull. Ent. Res. 21: 387412.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Watson, W. Y., and Arthur, A. P.. 1959. Parasites of the European pine shoot moth, Rhyacionia buoliana (Schiff.), in Ontario. Canadian Ent. 91: 478484.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
West, A. S. 1936. Winter mortality of larvae of the European pine shoot moth, Rhyacionia buoliana Schiff., in Connecticut. Am. Ent. Soc. America 29: 439448.Google Scholar