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Host-tree-related differences in trap captures and electroantennogram activity of Conotrachelus nenuphar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2012

Tracy C. Leskey*
Affiliation:
United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Appalachian Fruit Research Station, 2217 Wiltshire Road, Kearneysville, West Virginia 25430-2771, United States of America
Torri J. Hancock
Affiliation:
United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Appalachian Fruit Research Station, 2217 Wiltshire Road, Kearneysville, West Virginia 25430-2771, United States of America
Starker E. Wright
Affiliation:
United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Appalachian Fruit Research Station, 2217 Wiltshire Road, Kearneysville, West Virginia 25430-2771, United States of America
*
1Corresponding author. (e-mail: tracy.leskey@ars.usda.gov)

Abstract

The plum curculio, Conotrachelus nenuphar (Herbst), is a serious pest of stone and pome fruits (Rosaceae) in eastern North America. We recorded captures of adult plum curculios in the field and measured electroantennogram (EAG) activity in the laboratory associated with cultivars of four hosts, ‘Formosa’ Japanese plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.), ‘Stanley’ European plum (P. domestica L.), ‘Empire’ apple (Malus domestica Borkh.), and ‘Loring’ peach (P. persica (L.) Batsch) (Rosaceae) to determine whether hosts that may be attractive to the plum curculio under field conditions also elicit positive EAG responses. Trap captures of adults on ‘Formosa’ plum were significantly greater than on any other host, and corresponding headspace extracts also produced strong EAG responses throughout the active season. ‘Stanley’ plum and ‘Loring’ peach, the other stone-fruit hosts included in the study, elicited strong EAG responses throughout the season, although trap captures associated with these hosts were generally not as high as for ‘Formosa’ plum. Throughout the season, trap captures of adults were significantly lower for ‘Empire’ apple than for ‘Formosa’ plum, and EAG responses were much lower than for all stone-fruit hosts. Our results indicate that volatiles from ‘Formosa’ plum likely contain uniquecompounds or are comprised of ratios of stimulating compounds that make it much more attractive to plum curculio in the field.

Résumé

Le charançon de la prune, Conotrachelus nenuphar (Herbst), est un ravageur important des fruits à noyau et à pépins (Rosaceae) dans l'est de l'Amérique du Nord. Nous avons mesuré les captures de charançons de la prune en nature ainsi que l'activité à l'électroantennogramme (EAG) au laboratoire en présence des cultivars de quatre hôtes, la prune japonaise ‘Formosa’ (Prunus salicina Lindl.), la prune européenne ‘Stanley’ (P. domestica L.), la pomme ‘Empire’ (Malus domestica Borkh.) et la pêche ‘Loring’ (P. persica (L.) Batsch) pour voir si ces hôtes attirent les charançons de la prune dans les conditions de terrain et s’ils provoquent des réactions positives à l'EAG. Les captures d'adultes au piège étaient significativement supérieures pour la prune ‘Formosa’ que pour les autres hôtes et les extraits correspondants dans l'espace de tête ont aussi provoqué de fortes réactions à l'EAG tout au cours de la saison active. Les prunes ‘Stanley’ et les pêches ‘Loring’, les autres fruits à noyau servant d'hôtes dans notre étude, ont aussi provoqué de fortes réactions à l'EAG pendant toute la saison, mais les captures dans les pièges associés à ces hôtes n’étaient généralement pas aussi importantes que celles sur les prunes japonaises. Les captures d'adultes au cours de la saison étaient significativement plus faibles dans le cas des pommes ‘Empire’ par comparaison à celles faites sur les prunes ‘Formosa’ et les réactions à l'EAG étaient beaucoup plus faibles qu’avec tous les fruits à noyau. Nos résultats indiquent que les substances volatiles de la prune ‘Formosa’ contiennent vraisemblablement des composés particuliers ou alors comprennent des proportions de composés stimulants qui rendent cette prune beaucoup plus attirante pour le charançon de la prune en nature.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2010

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