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GROUND AND AERIAL MOVEMENT OF ADULT COLORADO POTATO BEETLE (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE) IN A UNIVOLTINE POPULATION

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Christine Noronha  and
Conrad Cloutier
Christine Noronha
Affiliation:
Département de biologie, Centre de Recherche en Horticulture, Université Laval, Cité Universitaire, Québec, Quebec Canada G1K 7P4
Conrad Cloutier*
Affiliation:
Département de biologie, Centre de Recherche en Horticulture, Université Laval, Cité Universitaire, Québec, Quebec Canada G1K 7P4
*
1Author to whom all correspondence should be addressed.
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Abstract

Pitfall and screen traps were used around potato Solanum tuberosum L. (Solanaceae) plots to detect directional patterns of prediapause (two seasons) and postdiapause (one season) movement in a univoltine population of the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), from Quebec. Prediapause beetles were sampled for diapause readiness using a feeding–digging test. In 1994, a plot left unprotected from the beetle (moderately defoliated) was monitored. In 1995, movement around a plot left unprotected from the beetle (severely defoliated) was compared to that from a plot protected (only lightly defoliated) by inundative release of the potato beetle predator Perillus bioculatus Say (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Movement frequency by postdiapause beetles in spring 1995 was low compared with 1994 prediapause movement, especially on the ground. Low-frequency flying persisted over several weeks of postdiapause beetle oviposition, with only a brief period of directionality. Flight movement by satiated prediapause beetles in August 1994 and 1995 was strongly directional, being oriented toward the closest forest border east of the plots, where sampling confirmed overwintering. In both years, satiated prediapause beetles also emigrated by walking, but mostly from densely populated and defoliated plots. Newly emerged (unsatiated) prediapause beetles emigrated en masse from severely defoliated plants, and did so exclusively by walking. Directional walking contrasted with directional flying in being predominantly oriented south-westward to northwestward, suggesting cueing on the sun position during warm hours of the day.

Résumé

Des pièges-fosse s et des pièges-écrans placés autour de parcelles de pomme de terre Solanum tuberosum L. (Solanaceae) oui permis de détecter les patrons directionnels de mouvement des adultes prédiapausants (deux saisons) et postdiapausants (une saison) d’une population univoltine du doryphore de la pomme de terre Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) au Québec. L’état de préparation à la diapause des doryphores prédiapausants était vérifié par un test de satiété–enfouissement. En 1994, une parcelle non protégée contre le doryphore (modérément défoliée) a été étudiée, En 1995, une parcelle non protégée (sévèrement défoliée) a été comparée à une parcelle bien protégée (légèrement défoliée) par lâcher inondatif du prédateur de doryphore Perillus bioculatus Say (Hemiptera : Pentatomidae). La fréquence de mouvement des adultes hivernés au printemps 1995 était faible par rapport aux adultes prédiapausants de 1994, notamment à la marche. Le vol de faible intensité a duré plusieurs semaines durant la ponte des adultes hivernés, avec seulement un bref moment de directionnalité. Au contraire, le vol plus fréquent d’adultes prédiapausants rassasiés en août 1994 et 1995 était nettement directionnel, la majorité ayant été piégés en direction d’une bordure forestière à l’est des parcelles, confirmée comme ayant servi de site d’hivernement. Des adultes prédiapausants rassasiés ont aussi émigré à la marche à partir de parcelles défoliées et densément peuplées. Des adultes prédiapausants nouvellement émergés (non rassasiés) ont émigré massivement d’une parcelle sévèrement défoliée, et ce à la marche seulement. Au contraire du vol, les déplacements à la marche d’adultes nouveaux, rassasiés ou non, révèlent une orientation préférentielle variant du sud-ouest au nord-ouest, suggérant une référence à la position du soleil.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 131 , Issue 4 , August 1999 , pp. 521 - 538
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1999

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