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ENGRAVER BEETLES (SCOLYTIDAE: IPS SPECIES) AS VECTORS OF THE PITCH CANKER FUNGUS, FUSARIUM SUBGLUTINANS

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

J.W. Fox ,
D.L. Wood ,
C.S. Koehler  and
S.T. O’Keefe
J.W. Fox
Affiliation:
Department of Entomological Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA 94720
D.L. Wood
Affiliation:
Department of Entomological Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA 94720
C.S. Koehler
Affiliation:
Department of Entomological Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA 94720
S.T. O’Keefe
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, USA 03824
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Abstract

Ips mexicanus (Hopkins) and I. paraconfusus Lanier can transmit a frugal pathogen that causes pitch canker [Fusarium subglutinans (Wollenw, and Reink.) Nelson, Toussoun, andMarasas], a disease recently identified in Monterey pines (Pirns radiata D. Don) in California. In Santa Cruz County, F. subglutinans was recovered from Ips spp. that emerged from pitch canker-in fee ted P. radiata and were captured in multiple-funnel traps baited with racemic Ips spp. pheromones. Ips paraconfusus adults experimentally contaminated with propagules of the fungus transmitted it to seedlings and mature pines. Field transmission was demonstrated when cankers were produced following pheromone-induced beetle attacks on pines. Ips spp. inoculated F. subglutinans into pine slash, thus creating reservoirs of this fungus. Larvae, pupae, and young adults acquired the fungus when their parents introduced it into logs. Ips spp. progeny production and development were not significantly altered by the fungus. In proximity to other bark beetle-associated fungi, growth of F. subglutinans was reduced and patchy. A new association may be developing among native Ips spp. and F. subglutinans.

Résumé

Ips mexicanus (Hopkins) et I. paraconfusus Lanier peuvent transmettre le champignon pathogène, Fusarium subglutinans (Wollenw. et Reink.) Nelson, Toussoun et Marasas, qui cause le chancre résineux, maladie rencontrée récemment dans des Pins de Monterey (Pinus radiata D. Don) en Californie. Dans le Comté de Santa Cruz, la présence du champignon a été constatée sur des Ips spp. sortant de pins P. radiata infectés et ces insectes ont élé capturés dans des pièges a plusieurs entonnoirs garnis de phéromones racémiques d’Ips spp. Des adultes d’I. paraconfusus contaminés expérimentalement de propagules du champignon ont transmis la maladie aux graines et aux pins adultes. La transmission en nature a été démontrée par l’apparition de chancres après que des scolytes eurent été attirés sur les pins au moyen de phéromones. Les Ips spp. ont injecté F. subglutinans dans des crevasses des pins, créant ainsi des réservoirs du champignon. Les larves, les nymphes et les jeunes adultes se sont contaminés lorsque les parents ont introduit le champignon dans les troncs. L’importance et le développement de la progéniture d’Ips spp. ne sont pas affectés significativement par la présence du champignon. Comparativement à celle d’autres champignons associés aux scolytes. la croissance de F. subglutinans est réduite et inégale. Une nouvelle association est peut-être en train de s’établir entre les espèces indigènes d’Ips et le champignon F. subglutinans.

[Traduit par la rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 123 , Issue 6 , December 1991 , pp. 1355 - 1367
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1991

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