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Dropping behaviour in Aulacorthum solani (Hemiptera: Aphididae) following attack by Aphidus ervi (Hymenoptera: Braconidae): are sticky stem bands a useful integrated pest management method?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2012

David R. Gillespie  and
Susanna Acheampong
David R. Gillespie*
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Research Centre, Agassiz, PO Box 1000, 6947 #7 Highway, Agassiz, British Columbia, Canada V0 M 1A0
Susanna Acheampong
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Research Centre, Agassiz, PO Box 1000, 6947 #7 Highway, Agassiz, British Columbia, Canada V0 M 1A0
*
1Corresponding author (e-mail: dave.gillespie@agr.gc.ca).
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Abstract

We studied the dropping behaviour of the foxglove aphid, Aulacorthum solani (Kaltenbach) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), in response to disturbance by the parasitoid Aphidius ervi Haliday (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). We banded plant stems with sticky tape to prevent aphids from returning to the plants to determine if these would serve as an integrated pest management strategy for A. solani. Stem banding prevented A. solani that had dropped from returning to the plant; but the mortality associated with banding was not necessarily complementary to biological control by A. ervi. Up to 80% of aphids dropped in response to foraging by A. ervi, and thus could be killed on sticky stem bands. The fraction of aphids that dropped to the ground also contained as much as 90% of the parasitoid's offspring. Overall, mortality of aphids on sticky stem bands was not compatible with parasitoids. Although numbers of aphids declined more rapidly in the first 2 weeks of the trial in the presence of stem bands and parasitoids than in the presence of parasitoids alone, the numbers of aphids were identical in the two treatments from the 3rd week onward. Mortality on the stem bands replaced mortality from parasitoids, and reduced recruitment of parasitoids.

Résumé

Nous étudions le comportement par lequel le puceron de la digitale, Aulacorthum solani (Kaltenbach) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), se laisse choir au sol en réaction à la perturbation causée par le parasitoïde Aphidius ervi Haliday (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Nous avons entouré des tiges de plantes d'une bande de ruban à dos adhésif pour empêcher les pucerons de retourner sur les plantes afin d’évaluer si cette méthode pouvait servir de stratégie de lutte intégrée (IPM) contre A. solani. Les bandes sur les tiges empêchent les A. solani qui se sont laissés tomber de retourner sur le plant; mais la mortalité associée à la pose des bandes n'est pas nécessairement complémentaire au contrôle démographique exercé par Aphidius ervi. Jusqu’à 80% des pucerons se laissent tomber au sol en réaction aux A. ervi en recherche de proies et peuvent ainsi être tués sur les bandes à dos adhésif sur les tiges. La fraction des pucerons qui tombent au sol contient aussi jusqu’à 90% des rejetons des parasitoïdes. En gros, la mortalité des pucerons sur les bandes à dos adhésif sur les tiges n'est pas compatible avec les parasitoïdes. Bien que le nombre de pucerons diminue plus rapidement durant les deux premières semaines de l'essai en la présence conjointe de bandes sur les tiges et de parasitoïdes qu'en présence des parasitoïdes seuls, les nombres de pucerons sont identiques dans les deux situations à partir de la troisième semaine. La mortalité sur les bandes à dos adhésif remplace la mortalité due aux parasitoïdes et réduit le recrutement des parasitoïdes.

Type
Original Article
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 144 , Issue 4 , 03 August 2012 , pp. 589 - 598
Copyright
Copyright © Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, as represented by the Minister of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada 2012

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