Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-8bljj Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-16T09:12:37.854Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Does spruce budworm (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) rearing diet influence larval parasitism?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 June 2013

M. Lukas Seehausen ,
Jacques Régnière  and
Éric Bauce
M. Lukas Seehausen*
Affiliation:
Centre d’Étude de la Forêt and Département des Sciences du Bois et de la Forêt, Faculté de foresterie, de géographie et de géomatique, Université Laval, Ville de Québec, Québec, Canada G1V 0A6
Jacques Régnière
Affiliation:
Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Laurentian Forestry Centre, Ville de Québec, Québec, Canada G1V 4C7
Éric Bauce
Affiliation:
Centre d’Étude de la Forêt and Département des Sciences du Bois et de la Forêt, Faculté de foresterie, de géographie et de géomatique, Université Laval, Ville de Québec, Québec, Canada G1V 0A6
*
1Corresponding author (e-mail: ml.seehausen@mail.utoronto.ca). Subject editor: Rob Johns
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Artificial diet is commonly used to rear the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), in the laboratory. While its effect on spruce budworm performance is relatively well studied, no information exists about the influence of rearing diet on larval parasitism. In this study, spruce budworm larvae reared in the laboratory on artificial diet or balsam fir, Abies balsamea (Linnaeus) Miller (Pinaceae), foliage were introduced in the field to compare parasitism. Additionally, a laboratory choice test was conducted with the larval parasitoid Tranosema rostrale (Brischke) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). No significant influence of spruce budworm rearing diet on parasitism in the field was found. However, in the laboratory, T. rostrale attacked significantly more foliage-fed larvae. We conclude that even if initial differences in parasitism may exist between diet-fed and foliage-fed larvae in the laboratory, spruce budworm larvae reared on artificial diet can be used in field studies investigating parasitism of wild spruce budworm populations without concern that the food source would affect parasitism.

Résumé

Dans la présente étude, des larves de la tordeuse des bourgeons de l’épinette (TBE), Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), ont été élevées en laboratoire sur nourriture artificielle ainsi que sur du feuillage de sapin baumier, Abies balsamea (Linnaeus) Miller (Pinaceae), pour ensuite être introduites en forêt afin de comparer leur parasitisme. Par ailleurs, un test de choix en laboratoire a été effectué avec le parasitoïde Tranosema rostrale (Brischke) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). Aucune influence significative de la diète sur le parasitisme n'a été démontrée sur le terrain. Cependant, un nombre significativement plus grand de larves élevées sur le feuillage ont été attaquées par T. rostrale en laboratoire. Malgré la préférence pour les larves élevées sur le feuillage en laboratoire, nous concluons que des larves élevées sur la diète artificielle peuvent être utilisées dans la détermination des taux de parasitisme sur le terrain sans risque de biaiser les résultats obtenus.

Type
Behaviour & Ecology – NOTE
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 145 , Issue 5 , October 2013 , pp. 539 - 542
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2013 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Cusson, M., Laforge, M., Régnière, J., Béliveau, C., Trudel, D., Thireau, J.-C., et al. 2002. Multiparasitism of Choristoneura fumiferana by the ichneumonid Tranosema rostrale and the tachinid Actia interrupta: occurrence in the field and outcome of competition under laboratory conditions. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 102: 125–133.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Doucet, D.Cusson, M. 1996a. Role of calyx fluid in alterations of immunity in Choristoneura fumiferana larvae parasitized by Tranosema rostrale. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 114A: 311–317.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Doucet, D.Cusson, M. 1996b. Alteration of developmental rate and growth of Choristoneura fumiferana parasitized by Tranosema rostrale: role of the calyx fluid. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 81: 21–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fidgen, J.G.Eveleigh, E.S. 1998. Life history characteristics of Elachertus cacoeciae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), an ectoparasitoid of spruce budworm larvae, Choristoneura fumiferana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). The Canadian Entomologist, 130: 215–229.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fidgen, J.G., Eveleigh, E.S., Quiring, D.T. 2000. Influence of host size on oviposition behaviour and fitness of Elachertus cacoeciae attacking a low-density population of spruce budworm Choristoneura fumiferana larvae. Ecological Entomology, 25: 156–164.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Havill, N.P.Raffa, K.F. 2000. Compound effects of induced plant responses on insect herbivores and parasitoids: implications for tritrophic interactions. Ecological Entomology, 25: 171–179.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McMorran, A. 1965. A synthetic diet for the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). The Canadian Entomologist, 97: 58–62.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ode, P.J. 2006. Plant chemistry and natural enemy fitness: effects on herbivore and natural enemy interactions. Annual Review of Entomology, 51: 162–185.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Poirier, L.M.Borden, J.H. 2000. Influence of diet on repellent and feeding-deterrent activity of larval oral exudate in spruce budworms (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). The Canadian Entomologist, 132: 81–89.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Price, P.W., Bouton, C.E., Gross, P., McPheron, B.A., Thompson, J.N., Weis, A.E. 1980. Interactions among three trophic levels: influence of plants on interactions between insect herbivores and natural enemies. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 11: 41–65.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Régnière, J., St-Amant, R., Duval, P. 2012. Predicting insect distributions under climate change from physiological responses: spruce budworm as an example. Biological Invasions, 14: 1571–1586.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
SAS Institute 2003. SAS/STAT user's guide. Release 9.1. SAS Institute, Cary, North Carolina, United States of America.Google Scholar
Seehausen, M.L. 2012. L'influence de la coupe partielle sur le parasitisme de l'arpenteuse de la pruche et de la tordeuse de bourgeons de l’épinette. Master thesis, Université Laval, Québec, Canada. Available from http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29538/29538.pdf [accessed 29 April 2013].Google Scholar
Song, S.J., Bourchier, R.S., Smith, S.M. 1997. Effect of host diet on acceptance of eastern spruce budworm eggs by Trichogramma minutum. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 84: 41–47.CrossRefGoogle Scholar