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ROLE OF 2,4-DIHYDROXY-7-METHOXY-1,4-BENZOXAZIN-3-ONE (DIMBOA) IN THE RESISTANCE OF MAIZE TO WESTERN CORN ROOTWORM, DIABROTICA VIRGIFERA VIRGIFERA (LECONTE) (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Y.S. Xie ,
J.T. Arnason ,
B.J.R. Philogène ,
J.D.H. Lambert ,
J. Atkinson  and
P. Morand
Y.S. Xie
Affiliation:
Ottawa-Carleton Institute of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
J.T. Arnason*
Affiliation:
Ottawa-Carleton Institute of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
B.J.R. Philogène
Affiliation:
Ottawa-Carleton Institute of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
J.D.H. Lambert
Affiliation:
Ottawa-Carleton Institute of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
J. Atkinson
Affiliation:
Ottawa-Carleton Institute of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
P. Morand
Affiliation:
Ottawa-Carleton Institute of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
*
1 Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
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Abstract

2,4-Dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (DIMBOA), the major hydroxamic acid present in corn root, was studied for its effects on western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera (LeConte). Exogenously applied DIMBOA caused mortality in western corn rootworm larvae feeding on fresh corn roots. The LC50 (lethal concentration for 50% mortality) value (fiducial limits) was 153 ppm (108–209) and the LC90 value was 917 ppm (560–2297). The deleterious effects of DIMBOA on western corn rootworm larvae possibly are due to both feeding deterrence and toxicity. In a replicated pot trial during two growing seasons, two corn lines developed by Agriculture Canada from CIMMYT collections, ITR 3872 with high DIMBOA content in roots, and NTR-2 Ger. 4042 with low DIMBOA content in roots, were evaluated for resistance to western corn rootworm larvae. The results indicated that the high DIMBOA line (but not the low DIMBOA line) stressed western corn rootworm larvae to produce inferior adults based on the measurement of adult emergence number, adult weight, and adult head-capsule width. The effect of western corn rootworm on both corn lines with different DIMBOA levels was measured based on plant growth parameters including plant height, stem thickness, plant fresh weight, root fresh weight, plant dry weight, and root dry weight. ITR 3872 (high DIMBOA) showed significantly less damage than NTR-2 Ger. 4042 (low DIMBOA) in almost all plant parameters measured. The results suggest that DIMBOA may in some instances contribute to the resistance of corn to western corn rootworm larvae.

Résumé

Le 2,4-dihydroxy-7-méthoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (DIMBOA), l’acide hydroxamique principal de la racine du maïs, a été étudié pour discerner son action envers la chrysomèle de l’ouest des racines du maïs, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera (LeConte). Les larves de la chrysomèle, se nourrissant des racines fraîches de maïs, sont mortes quand elles ont subit un traitement topique du DIMBOA. La valeur de la CF50 (concentration fatale pour occasionner une mortalité de 50%) a été 153 ppm (limites de confiance, 108–209) et la valeur de la CF90 était 917 ppm (560–2297). Les actions nocives du DIMBOA pour les larves sont probablement dues, soit à une dissuasion à se nourrir, soit à une toxicité. Dans des épreuves répétées dans les pots pendant deux saisons de croissance, deux lignées de maïs développées par Agriculture Canada à partir des collections CIMMYT, ITR 3872 ayant un niveau élevé du DIMBOA aux racines, et NTR-2 Ger. 4042 ayant un niveau bas du DIMBOA aux racines, ont été évaluées en ce qui concernait la résistance aux larves de la chrysomèle de l’ouest des racines du maïs. Les résultats ont démontré qu’à comparer à la lignée ayant un niveau bas de DIMBOA, la lignée ayant un niveau élevé du DIMBOA a placé les contraintes aux larves pour qu’elles produisent des adultes inférieurs en ce qui concernait le nombre à l’éclosion, le poids, et la largeur de la capsule de la tête. L’effet de la chrysomèle de l’ouest des racines du maïs sur les deux lignées a été évalué sur une base de paramètres de croissance de la plante, y compris la hauteur, l’épaisseur de la tige, le poids frais de la plante et des racines, et le poids sec de la plante et des racines. ITR 3872 (niveau élevé du DIMBOA) a démontré significativement moins de dommage que NTR-2 Ger. 4042 (niveau bas du DIMBOA), en ce qui concernait presque tous les paramètres évalués. Les résultats suggèrent que, dans quelques cas, le DIMBOA aurait pu contribuer à la résistance du maïs à la chrysomèle de l’ouest des racines du maïs.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 122 , Issue 6 , December 1990 , pp. 1177 - 1186
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1990

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