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EFFECTS OF MITICIDES ON THE LIFE STAGES OF THE EUROPEAN RED MITE, PANONYCHUS ULMI (KOCH) (ACARI: TETRANYCHIDAE)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

D.B. Marshall  and
D.J. Pree
D.B. Marshall
Affiliation:
Agriculture Canada, Research Station, Vineland Station, Ontario, Canada L0R 2E0
D.J. Pree
Affiliation:
Agriculture Canada, Research Station, Vineland Station, Ontario, Canada L0R 2E0
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Abstract

In laboratory tests, many miticides affected more than one life stage of the European red mite but most showed greater toxicity to one specific stage. Most were more toxic to nymphs and adults than to eggs. Cyhexatin was more toxic to nymphs whereas fenbutatin-oxide was more toxic to adults than to nymphs. Propargite, formetanate HCl, and dinocap were more toxic to nymphs than to adults. Dicofol and oxythioquinox were more toxic to adults than to nymphs. Dienochlor was the least toxic miticide tested, and was more toxic to nymphs and adults than to eggs. Amitraz, permethrin, and fenpropathrin were repellent to motile stages at low concentrations, but amitraz was also highly ovicidal. Clofentezine and hexythiazox were toxic to eggs and nymphs but not to adults. Affected nymphs developed into the deutochrysalis or teleiochrysalis stages but were unable to eclose from these quiescent stages.

In field trials, applications timed to coincide with a predominance of sensitive stages were successful. Early season applications suppressed mite numbers for much of the growing season. Populations exhibiting considerable synchrony occurred into August suggesting that susceptible stages could be targeted for control throughout the season.

Résumé

Pendant des épreuves au laboratoire, plusieurs acaricides ont influé sur les stades de vie du tétranyque rouge du pommier, mais la plupart a démontré une plus grande toxicité à un stade spécifique qu’à un autre. La plupart a été toxique aux nymphes et aux adultes qu’aux oeufs. La cyhexatine a été plus toxique aux nymphes qu’aux adultes, alors que l’oxyde de fenbutatine a été plus toxique aux adultes qu’aux nymphes. La propargite, l’hydrochlorure de formétanate, et la dinocap ont été plus toxiques aux nymphes qu’aux adultes. Le dicofol et l’oxythioquinox ont été plus toxiques aux adultes qu’aux nymphes. L’amitraz, la perméthrine et la fenopropathrine en basses concentrations ont repoussé les stades mobiles, mais l’amitraz a agit également comme une forte ovicide. La clofenetezine et l’hexythiazox ont été toxiques aux oeufs et aux nymphes, mais pas aux adultes. Les nymphes atteintes se sont développées au stade deutochrysalide ou téléochrysalide, mais ne pouvaient éclore de ces stades passifs.

Pour les essais au terrain, les arrosages faits pour coïncider avec une prédominance de stades sensibles ont été réussis. L’arrosage de bonne heure à la saison a supprimé le nombre d’acariens pendant une période étendue de la saison de croissance. Les populations démontrant une synchronie considérable ont paru au mois d’août, ce qui a suggéré que les stades susceptibles auraient pu être visés pour la lutte pendant toute la saison.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 123 , Issue 1 , February 1991 , pp. 77 - 87
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1991

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