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EFFECTS OF DENSITY, STAGE, AND SEX OF THE POTATO LEAFHOPPER, EMPOASCA FABAE (HOMOPTERA: CICADELLIDAE), ON SEEDLING ALFALFA GROWTH1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

P. W. Flinn  and
A. A. Hower
P. W. Flinn
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
A. A. Hower
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
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Abstract

Potato leafhopper, Empoasca fabae (Harris), early-instar nymphs (1–2 instar), late-instar nymphs (3–5 instar), adult males and adult females were caged at various densities on seedling alfalfa cv. Vernal and allowed to feed for 6 days. Feeding by adult females, late-instar nymphs, and adult males retarded plant height, leaf number, and dry weight, about 20 to 50% more than did the early-instar nymphs at most of the leafhopper densities tested, over 6 days. Protein content was affected differently from the other plant parameters; it was reduced most by adult males. This was apparently due to premature death of the plants caused by late-instar nymphs and adult females. The percentage reduction for each of the plant parameters was highly correlated with leafhopper density and was nonlinear, except with the early-instar nymphs. Alfalfa plants exposed to two or four late-instar nymphs or two adult females, significantly increased in height and leaf number during a 7-day recovery period. Plants exposed to four adult females did not recover.

Résumé

Des cicadelles de la pomme de terre, Empoasca fabae (Harris) aux stades nymphes jeunes (stades 1–2), nymphes âgées (stades 3–5), adultes mâles et adultes femelles ont été encagées à différentes densités sur des pousses de luzerne cv. Vernal et laissées s'en alimenter pendant six jours. L'alimentation par les adultes femelles, les nymphes âgées et les adultes mâles avait réduit la hauteur, le nombre de feuilles et le poids des plants d'environ 20 à 50% plus que celle due aux nymphes jeunes, pour la plupart des densités testées, à la fin des six jours du test. La teneur en protéines a été affectée différemment des autres paramètres, le maximum de réduction ayant été observé avec les adultes mâles. Ceci serait apparamment dû à la mortalité prématurée des plants causée par les nymphes âgées et les adultes femelles. Le pourcentage de réduction de chacun des paramètres examinés était fortement corrélé à la densité des cicadelles, la relation étant non-linéaire sauf avec les nymphes jeunes. Des plants de luzerne infestés de deux à quatre nymphes âgées ou de deux adultes femelles ont augmenté significativement leur taille et le nombre de leurs feuilles au cours d'une période de récupération de sept jours. Des plants infestés de quatre adultes femelles n'ont pas récupéré.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 116 , Issue 11 , November 1984 , pp. 1543 - 1548
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1984

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