^{page ix note a} The house was afterwards rebuilt by the Rev. E. Taylor, whose family had purchased it from the Bargraves, and it is now the seat of the Marquess of Conyngham.

^{page x note a} Hasted, History of Kent, iii. 721, folio ed.

^{page x note b} Ib.

^{page x note c} See the title of his Catalogue, p. 115: and Walker, Sufferings of the Clergy, ii. 152.

^{page x note d} P. 121.

^{page x note e} In the Gentleman's Magazine for 1836 and 1837 (vola. vi.—viii. New Series), are printed some passages from a Journal kept by Robert Bargrave, son of the Dean, who accompanied the embassy of Sir Thomas Bendysh to Constantinople in 1646. The travellers landed at Leghorn : “Out of my ambition for the language, as also to see my cousens, Mr. John Bargrave,* and Mr. John Raymond, then at Sienna, I put my viaticum in my purse, and all alone adventured thither, which is about 80 miles within the land …. At Sienna I spent almost a fortnight's time in the daily divertisements of musick, horsriding, ballone, and others, courting our palates with y^e curious fruits and delicate Muscatella wine… From Sienna I was kindly accompanied by my coz. Bargrave as far as to Florence, where he spent 5 days with me, directing me to all that is chiefly notable in and about the city—rarities rather to be named yⁿ described—such in number and quality as the whole world can scarce equal, much less exceed.” (vi. 604.)

^{page x note *} “Since Dr. of Divinity and Canon of Christ Church, Canterbury, 1662.”

^{page xi note a} The party “settled themselves for some moneths at Sienna, to get some knowledge and practice in the vulgar tongue.” Raymond's Itinerary, 50. See the foregoing note.

^{page xi note b} See the Catalogue, No. 67. Chapman was probably the son or nephew of Alexander Chapman, D.D., Prebendary of Canterbury and Archdeacon of Stow, who died in 1629, aged 52.

^{page xi note c} Diary, May 13, 1672 (vol. ii. p. 73, ed. 1852). The editor wrongly supposes the passage to relate to Dean Bargrave, who had died thirty years before.

^{page xi note d} P. 41.

^{page xi note e} This young nobleman was born in 1634. His mother, a daughter of Lord Wotton (with whose family Dean Bargrave was connected by marriage), became a widow about the time of his birth, and, having gone into Holland as governess to the Princess of Orange (daughter of Charles I.), there entered into a second marriage. Lord Stanhope succeeded his grandfather as Earl in 1656. Collins's Peerage, ed. Brydges, iii. 422–5.

^{page xi note f} Bargrave's pupil was created a Baronet in 1666, but the title became extinct on ths death of his son in 1712. Hasted, i. 270.

^{page xi note g} Pp. 33, 49, 63.

^{page xi note h} Pp. 6, 8.

^{page xii note a} P. 11.

^{page xii note b} P. 132.

^{page xii note c} P. xix. of Introduction.

^{page xii note d} Pp. 131, 134–5.

^{page xii note e} Pp. 127, 131, 135.

^{page xii note f} P. 30.

^{page xii note g} P. 133.

^{page xii note h} P. 33.

^{page xii note i} Pp. 68–70.

^{page xii note j} P. 91.

^{page xii note k} “Memorandum, Apl. 28, 1658.

“In 2 trunks left with my sister Halsey, at Mr. Lockenton's house at the King's Arms in Knightrider's Street, near Old Fish Street,

“In the pockets of my black cloath breeches left in the hair trunke,

[Inter alia] “2 small pieces of gold, and one of silver, of the coronation of the King of Bohemia, when I was present.”

^{page xii note i} Sufferings of the Clergy, ii. 152.

^{page xiii note a} Kennet's Register, 309.

^{page xiii note b} The statutes of the college did not require that more than one-fourth of the fellows should be in holy orders. (Report of Cambridge Commission, p. 307.)

^{page xiii note c} Kennet, 324.

^{page xiii note d} Treasurer's Book of the Cathedral, 1660–1. (MS.)

^{page xiii note e} Hasted, iii. 238, 583.

^{page xiii note f} For Paske (who had been archdeacon of London and master of Clare Hall, Cambridge) see Walker, ii. 26,141. The petition is as follows :—

Domestic State Papers, A.D. 1662, vol. lv. No. 99 (Record Office). See Mrs. Green's Calendar of State Papers, A.D. 1661–2, p. 394.

^{page xiv note a} Hasted, iv. 610–11.

^{page xiv note b} The petitioners state that while “in severall English merchant shipps lawfully negotiating in and neare unto the streights of Gibraltar (not certified of the breach of peace with Algier),” they had been “by their men of warr surprised and taken ; by which meanes wee and our relations are not only totally undone through our loss of goods, but our selves cruelly inslaved under the horrid tiranny of the insulting Turkes.” They go on to state the arts by which the Algerines, “com'ing up with our merchants' shipps, soone carry them (such weake antagonists being overpowered by their monstrous multitude), where some perhaps killd in the conflict, the survivers, groaning under a woefull and intolerable captivity, make many supplications to rigid death for a passport.” They therefore pray that the King, “by a gathering in the churches of England, or by a summe of money to be raised, or by such other way or meanes as to yo^r Ma^tie shall seeme most fitt, will be graciously pleased to ransome and sett us att liberty, before it snow on juvenile heads, the major part of us being in the May of our lives, the sun having not as yet aboarded our zeniths ; all of us capable and desirous to serve yo^r Ma^tie in the most hazzardous employment.”—Domestic State Papers, A D. 1662, vol. li. No. 24. (See Mrs. Green's “Calendar of State Papers,” 1661–2, p. 285.)

^{page xv note a} In the Acts of the Convocation of 1661 are the following entries :—

“Sessio XCVII., 4° Aprilis [1663]……habita consideratione de perficiendo compoto doctoris Bargrave, licet absen., usque ad primam sessionem prox. futur. post festum Pasehæ prox., reverendus pater [Robertus Oxon.] continuavit,” &c.—(Gibson, Synod. Angl. 233, ed. Cardwell.)

“Sessio civ. 30° Maii…… vocato magistro Syllack, eoque requisito ad conficiend. acquietantiam legalem pro pecuniarum summa per eum a doctore Bargrave recept., et ad introdueendam eandem hoc in loco, prox. sessione…… idem reverendus pater continuavit,” &c. (Ib. 234 )

The mention of an account (compotus) in these passages suggests a connexion with an earlier entry:—

“Sessio XCIII., 5° Martii [1662–3] reverendus pater tractatum habuit de et super compoto de…… dictusque compotus fuit relatus considerationi reverendorum in Christo patrum Humfridi Sarum. et Oreorgii Asaphen. episcoporum,” &c. (Ib. 232.)

It seemed possible that the blank here might represent some word which might be read by the light of what we know as to Bargrave, although Bishop Gibson, not understanding to what the compotus related, had been unable to decipher it; and Professor Stubbs, on referring, at my request, to the MS. (which is at Lambeth), found thattbe blank ought to be filled up with the word slaves—the scribe of Convocation having apparently forgotten the Latin equivalent, and Bishop Gibson having very naturally failed to recognize an English word in such a connexion, more especially as he was unfurnished with any key to the subject of the compotus.

We find, then, that the accounts of Bargrave and his colleague were examined by Convocation ; whence we may fairly infer that the collection was made in obedience to a resolution of that body. And this circumstance, with the language both of Bargrave and of the document copied in the next note, seems to show that the 10,000l. (large as the sum was) were raised from the bishops and clergy exclusively.

^{page xv note b} pp. 137–8.

^{page xv note c} With a view to this undertaking, the following licence was granted :—

“Right trusty and right welbeloved Cousin and Councell [sic] wee greet you well. The Bishops and clergy of this Realme, in compassion of such poore soules as are at present in captivity and durance under Turkish Governours, have designed Ten thousand pounds towards the redemption and freedome of such a number as y^t summe will emancipate, And have agreed with diverse Goldsmiths for furnishing them with sueh a quantity of forraigne coyne as amounts to y^e summe of Teh thousand pounds in y^e species of this kingdome, which they cannot transport without our particular lycence.

“Wee, reflecting on y^e oee'on, doe hereby require you to give order to y^e com'ers and officers of our Customes to permit any sum'e whithin that of Ten thousand pounds sterling to be transported by Dr. Bargrave and John Seleck, clerk, two persons whom y^e Hierarchy have chosen, as well-affected and experienct persons, to performe this service, so it be in forreigne coyne. And y^t you free them of all interruptions and charges in this service. And, &c. Given 15th Sept.

“To our right trusty and right welbeloved Cousin and Couneello^r Thomas Lord South'ton, O^r High Tre'r of England.”—Domestic State Papers, 1662, Entry Book iii. 89. (See Mrs. Everett Green's “Calendar,” p. 488.)

^{page xvi note a} P. 138.

^{page xvi note b} Pp. 137–8. In Bargrave's accounts, as treasurer of the cathedral, 1669,1670, are the following entries :—

^{page xvi note c}

Then follows this “passe for Dr. Bargrave and Mr. Sellecke.”

“Carolus Dei gratiâ Angliæ, &c. Omnibus Regibus, Principibus, Statibus, Rebusp. et quibuscunq. aliis Christiani Orbis Ordinibus, Amicis et Fœderatis N'ris, ad quos præsentes lyteræ pervenerint, Salutem. Cum virtute Fœderis cujusdam inter nos et Regnum Algirense nuper initi, et in Christiani nominis decus et honorem, Reverendos et dilectos Nobis Viros Johannem Bargrave in [Sac. Theologia] Doctorem, et Johannem Sellecke, S. Th. Baccalaur. et Eccl'iæ N'ræ Bathoniensis Archidiaconū, in id deputandos statuerimus,ut sufficient! authoritate muniti Algerim ad redimendos liberandosq. qui inibi ex subditis N'ris captivi detinentur, N'ro nomine profi[ci]scantur, rogandi a nobis sunt cujuscunq. status et conditionis Amici et Fœderati N'ri uti pio huic operi faventes dictos Reverendos viros non solum liberèq. et tutò ire redireq. sinant, quin et ubi rea postulaverit, in oris, stationibus, portubusq. suis benignè excipere ettractare, eisdem victu aliisq. quorum opus erit vitæ commodis justo pretio comparandis amicè adesse velint. In quo sciant se nobis gratum perquam et Christiano dignum esse facturos, cujus vicem, ubi occasio tulerit, lubentes rependemus. Dabantur in Palatio N'ro Westmonasteriensi die Mens. Sept. 16^mo an'o Ch'ti D'ni 1662, regniq. N'ri quarto decimo.” (Domestic State Papers, 1662, Entry-book, vol. viii. p. 244 ; see Mrs. Green's Calendar, pp. 489–90.)

^{page xvii note a} P. 129.

^{page xvii note b} “March 1665. Dr. John Bargrave, prebend of this church, and M^ris Frances Osborne, widdow, were maried together the 26th day of March, 1665, by lycense, being Easter-day.” (Cant. Cathedral Register.) See also Addl. MSS. Brit. Mus. 5507, fol. 22 b. Although there are several Bargrave pedigrees in the Museum, this (by Hasted) is the only one that mentions anything more of our author than his name. For the lady's family, see Hasted, iii. 11.

^{page xvii note c} Hasted, iii. 235, 583.

^{page xvii note d} Walker, ii. 152; Hasted, iv. 611. The Cathedral Register records that, “May 13, 1680, Dr. John Bargrave, one of y^e worshipfull prebendaries of this church, was buried in woollen. Affidavit brought in May the 14 following, 1680.”

^{page xvii note e} “And the chaine that I took from one of the English sclaves leggs that I redeemed from Algeera to be hung on my grave, with some small motto, for a memorandum of me.” See p. 137.

^{page xviii note a} “Thirdly, in regard that I have had of my deere and vertuously loving wife thirteene hundred pounds, and am bound to secure her joynture by the renewing of my lease, and by reason of my debts am not att present able to renew, therefore, if I dye before her, I give her all the profitt and benifltt of my lease of West Court for ever, hoping that shee will have (as shee hath promissed) a consideration for my nephews Isaac and Robert Bargrave, if there be any thing left when my debts are paid, whereof my debt to her selfe is the cheife. Fourthly, I give my deere wife all things in her closett, two rings, Jewells, plate, beding, and whatsoever other household stuffe was hers when we marryed, together with that salvo and cuppe with two silver plates that I presented her with on her marriage. My other goods to be sold for the paying of my debts. * * * I make my wife executrix.”

[Codicil, Apr. 29,1676.]

“My deere wife promissed me that if shee had any thing to dispose of att her death the Bargraves should have the best share of it.”

^{page xviii note b} See below, p. xx.

^{page xviii note c} For a sight of this book (in two parts, Venice, 1604), which is still in the Library of St. Peter's, I am indebted to the Rev. T. S. Woollaston, Fellow of the College. It contains the following inscription :—

“Thomas Bargrave, sonne to Dr. Isaaek Bargrave, Deane of Canterbury, possesseth this booke.

“Witnesse, Alb. Morton.

“II cui Tomaso, veniendo da morire, dava questo libro al suo Bel-fratello il Sign. Cavaliero Henrico Palmer, milite aurato.

“Moriendo il Sign. Cavaliero lui li dava al altro suo fratello, il Sign. Roberto Bargrave, il maiore nato del Decano.

“II Sign^r Roberto moriendo a Smirna in Asia Minore, i due volume son stato comprato da sua vedoüa per me

“GiovanniBargrave, Dottore in Teologia, 1661,

“E Canonico della Chiesa Cathedrale di Cantuaria, 1662.”

Dean Bargrave had been Sir Henry Wootton's chaplain in one of his embassies, and had married his niece, Elizabeth Dering. Sir Henry appointed “my dear grandnephews, Albert Morton, second son to Sir Robert Morton, Knight, and Thomas Bargrave, eldest son to Dr. Bargrave, Dean of Canterbury, husband to my right virtuous and only niece,” as joint-executors of his will. The translation of Dioscorides, “in the best language of Toscany, whence her Majesty is literally descended,” had been bequeathed by Wootton “to our most gracious and virtuous Queen Mary [Henrietta Maria], for a poor token of my thankful devotion for the honour she was onee pleased to do my private study with her presence.” (Walton, Lives, 107–8, ed. Oxford, 1824.) Perhaps Thomas Bargrave, having become acquainted with the book when acting as executor, may have found an opportunity of buying it in the course of the troubles which followed. But what is the meaning of Morton's attestation?

^{page xiv note a} The maps and some of the “cutts” have disappeared; the table has been removed to the deanery; the other objects are still in the library.

^{page xx note a} a The words “Posterum Expensis,” (which, as there is no mention of the monument in the will, probably mean that Bargrave had ordered it in the last year of his life, and died without paying for it,) savour of the feeling which is largely expressed in Mrs. Bargrave's will. Dart supposes them to mean “for the information of posterity.” (Hist, and Antiq. of Canterbury Cathedral, p. 56, where there is an engraving of the monument.)

^{page xx note a} Fasti Oxonienses, ii. 267. Raymond was Bargrave's nephew; and we know from Robert Bargrave's testimony (see p. x., note), that they travelled together. Sir John Birkenhead, in a letter prefixed to the book, writes to Raymond : “The thing most observable of all your travells is yourselfe, who was able to graspe so much of the world, when ’tis not twice ten years since you came into it;” a sentence which agrees well with the idea that the nominal author may have been largely assisted by an older hand. Occasionally Bargrave repeats passages from the printed book, without any sign of borrowing, as in the account of Milan (Raymond, pp. 241–2; Bargrave, pp. 82–3), the mention of the Barberini Obelisk (Bargr. p. 73; Raym. p. 103), and the account of Sta. Maria della Vittoria at Rome (Bargr. p. 116; Raymond, 105); and in one place (p. 123), he refers to an “Itinerario d' Italia” as his own production, by which it is possible that he may intend to claim Raymond's “Itinerary,” or “Mercurio Italico,” as the book is styled in the heading of the pages. On the other hand, the subject for which he refers to his Itinerario, as if it contained full information—Vesuvius—is but slightly treated in the published book. On the whole, perhaps the most likel supposition may be that Bargrave kept a journal, which Raymond was allowed to make use of.

^{page xxi note a} It ought, however, to be mentioned that the Rev. H. J. Todd (sometime a minor canon and sub-librarian of Canterbury, afterwards archdeacon of Cleveland), has quoted some passages from the Book of Cardinals in his edition of Milton (vol. i. pp. 24, 65–7 ; vol. iv. p. 430, seqq. ed. Lond. 1842 ; see also his “Lives of the Deans of Canterbury,” pp. 296–8.) Archdeacon Todd has given, in his Milton, a very bad copy of the engraving of Queen Christina, which we are now able, by means of photography, to reproduce with accuracy from the original (probably an unique impression), in Bargrave's book; see p. 70.

^{page xxi note b} See above, p. xi..

^{page xxii note a} Out of their establishment grew the papal “Calcografia.” (See Nagler, Küinstler-Lexioon, xiii. 434–5.) The engravings are good, and the portraits have an air of likeness which is in most cases confirmed by Bargrave's testimony (p. 138, &c). There is a set of these portraits (wanting, however, that of Alexander himself) in the library of the British Museum. The inscriptions are copied exactly (although in many places it would have been easy to amend them) in the headings of the articles as now printed. The same style of engraving is kept up in the illustrations of Gruarnacci's continuation of Chacon's Vitæ Pontificum.

^{page xxii note b} “Pray reade, at your leasure, for pass time—

The Pope.

His Nephew.

Capponius, p. 5.

Franc. Barberinus, p. 7.

Rossettus, p. 8.

Anton. Barber. 12.

Mazarinus, 26.

D'Estè, 27.

Astollius, 33.

Azolinus, 34.

Maidalchinus, 55.

Pallavicinus, 66.

Odeschalchus,

the Present Pope, 52.”

[The last two lines are in darker ink, and apparently of later date than the rest.]

^{page xxiii note a} “La Giusta Statera de' Porporati, dove s'intende la vita, la nascita, adherenza, possibiltà, richezze, offitii, le dignità, le oariche di ciascun Cardinale hoggi vivente, & ivi s'intenderà anco le loro virtù, meriti, e demeriti, con I' aggionta delli penultimi sei Cardinali, promossi da Innocentio X. l'anno 1648. Ginevra, 1650.”

^{page xxiii note b} Melzi, in his “Dizionario di Opere anonime e pseudonime,” says of this book (which he himself had not seen), that Leti probably borrowed from it, but can hardly have been himself the author, inasmuch as in 1650 he was only twenty, and as he did not go to Geneva until some years later. The second of these reasons is of little weight, for the careless printing of the book, and especially the badness of the punctuation, seem to show that it was not produced under the author's own superintendence. But the argument from Leti's age is stronger if the date—Rome, May 13, 1648—be correct.

^{page xxiii note c} For an account of Leti, see Niceron, Mémoires pour servir à I' Histoire des Hommes Illustres de la Republique des Lettres, t. ii. Paris 1729; and Chauffepied, Dictionnaire Historique, art. Leti. He was born at Milan in 1630, studied under the Jesuits at Cosenza, and in 1644 went to Rome, where an uncle held high ecclesiastical preferment. This uncle, who eventually became Bishop of Acquapendente, repeatedly urged him to enter into the priesthood; but Gregorio declared himself to be “neither for the sword nor for the breviary ;” and the uncle, scandalised by his neglect of religious duties, at length said to him, “God grant that you may not one day become a great heretic; but, for my own part, I do not wish to keep you longer in my house.” Gregorio abruptly left the old man, and professed the reformed religion at Lausanne, where he married the daughter of a M. Guèrin. From 1660 to 1679 he lived at Geneva. He then removed to England, where he was appointed historiographer to Charles II.; but, on account of the displeasure caused by a book of his, “Il Teatro Britannico,” he was obliged to leave the country, and in 1682 he settled at Amsterdam, where he died in 1701. His industry was indefatigable. It is said that he always had in hand three works at once, and Chauffepied enumerates nearly one hundred volumes of his publications. “Outre les ouvrages que Leti a reconnus, il en a fait encore quelques autres, qu'il a eu raison de ne pas avouer, puisqu'ils lui font encore moins d'honneur que plusieurs des prècèdens.” Niceron, 379.

^{page xxiv note a} “II Nipotismo di Roma, o vero Relatioue delle Raggioni che rauovono i Ponteflci all' aggrandimento de' Nipoti. De bene e male che hanno portato alia chiesa doppo Sisto IV. sino al preaente. Delle difficoltà che incontrano i Ministri de' prencipi nel trattare con loro, e insieme col rimedio opportuno per liberarsi da tali difficoltà ; e della causa perehè le Famiglie de' Pontefici non sono durate lungo tempo in grandezza.”—Amsterdam, Elzevir [the Hague]. There are two parts, separately paged.

^{page xxiv note b} In three parts [M.DC.LXVII.] 1668, 18^mo. Leti afterwards published “II Livello Politico, osia la giusta Bilancia, nella quale si pesano tutte le Massime di Roma e attioni de' Cardinali viventi. In Cartellana [Geneva], 1678, 12mo, 4 vols.” But this was not known to Bargrave.

^{page xxiv note c} “II Nipotismo di Roma ; or, the History of the Pope's Nephews from the time of Sixtus IV. to the Death of the Last Pope, Alexander VII. In Two Parts. Written originally in Italian, in the Year 1667, and Englished by W. A.” London, 1669.

^{page xxiv note d} “II Cardinalismo di Santa Chiesa ; or, the History of the Cardinals of the Roman Church from the time of their first creation to the election of the present Pope, Clement IX., with a full account of his Conclave. In Three Parts. Written in Italian by the Author of the ‘Nipotismo di Roma,’ and faithfully Englished by G. H. London, 1670.” Folio.

^{page xxiv note e} “The Scarlet Gown; or, the History of all the present Cardinals of Rome. Wherein is set forth the Life, Birth, Interest, Possibility, Rich Offices, Dignities, and Charges of every Cardinal now living. Also their Merits, Vertues, and Vices. Together with the * Cariage of the Pope and Court of Rome. Written originally in Italian, and Translated into English by H. C[ogan] Gent. London, 1653.” The later edition agrees with this as far as the asterisk, but ends—“Carriages of every of the Popes and Court of Rome. Whereunto is added the Life of the present Pope, Alexander the Seventh.” In both editions the heading of the pages is—

The Just Weight Of the Scarlet Gowns.

^{page xxv note a} E. g. “ Conclave nel quale fu eletto Fabio Chigi, detto Alessandro VII. [No place named] 1664.”

“II Sindicato di Alessandro VII. con il suo Viaggio nell' altro mondo. [No place] 1688.“ [This was. probably not the first edition.]

Herm. Conringius, “Historia Electionis Aiexanori VII. Papæ, &c. Helmstadt,1657.”

With respect to an author of another class, Bisaccioni, who is cited (pp. 18–20), for Cardinal Rossetti's negotiation in England, it may be well to quote Dr. Lingard's remarks on some citations from him in Lord Nugent's “Memorials of Hampden” (vol. ii. Append. A., Lond. 1832). “The comparison of [Bisaecioni's] account with the despatches of [Panzani, Conn, and Rossetti], shows that Bisaccioni was as ignorant of their real history as he was of the politics and conduct of parties in England … It appears to me plain that Charles had no idea of a re-union between the churches; and that, if Laud ever cherished such a project, he kept it to himself. Panzani never saw him, nor is there anything in the correspondence, except the assertion of Montagu [Bishop of Chichester, and afterwards of Norwich], to make it appear that the archbishop was favourable to it.” (Hist. Eng. vii. 376, ed. 5.)

^{page xxv note b} No. 64, an Italian MS., containing “the conclaves or intrigues of the elections of thirteen Popes,” is no longer in the Canterbury Library; but, as it related to an earlier time, would probably have been of no use for Bargrave's purpose. Perhaps it may, so far as it reached, have been the same with a book which is in the British Museum : “Conclavi de' Pontefici Romani, quali si sono potuto trovare, fin à questo giorno, 1667.” [No place named, but the catalogue suggests Bologna.] This seems to have originally ended with the Conclave of Alexander VII., those of Clement IX. and X, being each paged separately.

^{page xxvi note a} See p. 27.

^{page xxvi note b} The Catalogue of the Lyons Library, by De Landine (Paris and Lyons, 1812) t. iii. p. 145, notices among the contents of MS. 1224—

(10) “Lettre du Cardinal Sesi, sur l'écrit publié sous le nom de Baly de Valence [sic] Ambassadeur de France à. Rome.”

(11) “Instruction de M. Baly de Valence [sic] à son successeur à l'embassade de Rome.”

I owe the reference to this catalogue to the “Nouvelle Biographie Genérate,” art. “Etampes-Valençay, Henri d'” The questions arise—Was No. 10 really written by a cardinal ? [There was no Sesi among them, but there was a Cardinal Cesi at the time.] What does the writer mean by publié Does he really intend to throw doubt on the genuineness of the letter ascribed to the ambassador ?

^{page xxvii note a} For a specimen of his Italian composition, see p. xviii. note.

^{page xxvii note b} In these references, the abbreviation of article is substituted for that of page, in order to avoid confusion with the pages of this volume—each article being in the original limited to a single “page,” or rather leaf.