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Exotica, Fashion and Immortality: The New Use of Gold in Han Dynasty China (206 bce–ce 220)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 November 2021

Shengyu Wang Open the ORCID record for Shengyu Wang [Opens in a new window]
Shengyu Wang*
Affiliation:
Hong Kong Palace Museum West Kowloon Cultural District Kowloon Hong Kong Email: shengyu.wang@hkpm.org.hk
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Abstract

This article explores the use of gold in the elite tombs of Han dynasty China, the popular use of which originated outside the Chinese cultural milieu, and its integration into the Han portfolio of materials representing people's expectations for the afterlife, such as immortality and well-being. In contrast to jade, which had a long history of use in China, gold was in itself a ‘new’ element of Chinese culture. This article outlines the introduction of gold objects from Europe and Central Asia via the Eurasian Steppe and borderland of China from around the eighth century bce. The unprecedented use of gold in the Han-specific jade suits, and the process by which foreign types of zoomorphic motifs were adopted and connected with local motifs, are explored. In light of the political change from multiple competing states before the first unification in Chinese history in the third century bce, and the development in ideology and concept of an ideal and eternal afterlife, this article explains the reasons and meanings of the new use of gold in Han dynasty China and the composite system of motifs, materials and objects.

Type
Research Article
Information
Cambridge Archaeological Journal , Volume 32 , Issue 3 , August 2022 , pp. 345 - 360
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research

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