^{page 133 note 1} Nikolaus Poppe: Vergleichende Orammatik der altaischen Sprachen. Teil 1. Vergleichende Lautlehre. (Porta Linguarum Orientalium. Neue Serie, iv.) xi, 188 pp. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, 1960. DM. 26.

^{page 133 note 2} Kotwicz, W., ‘Studia nad j^zykami altajskimi’, published by M. Lewicki, BO, xvi, 1950Google Scholar, (pub.) 1953, 1–314.

^{page 133 note 3} G. J. Ramstedt, Einführung in die altaische Sprachwissenschaft, published by Aalto, P., I, Lautlehre (MSFOu., civ, 1), 1957, 192Google Scholar p p.; II, Formenlehre (MSFOu., civ, 2), 1952, 262 pp.

^{page 133 note 4} Introduction to Mongolian comparative studies(MSFOu., ex), 1955, 300 pp.

^{page 133 note 5} Räsänen, Martti, Zur Lautgeschichte der türkischen Sprachen (Studia Orientalia, xv), 1949, 249Google Scholar pp.

^{page 133 note 6} Benzing, Johannes, Die tungusischen Sprachen: Versuch einer vergleichenden Grammatik (Akad. d. Wiss. u.d. Lit. in Mainz. Abh. d. Geistes- u. Soziahviss. Kl., Jahrg. 1955, Nr. 11), Wiesbaden, 1956, 151 pp.Google Scholar

^{page 133 note 7} Cincius, V. I., Sravnitel'naja fonetika tunguso-man'čžurskikh jazykov, Leningrad, 1949, 342 pp.Google Scholar

^{page 136 note 1} As a matter of fact I think that it is possible to find Turkic -q ~ Manchu Ø correspondences: e.g. Middle-Turkic iČük ‘fur, fur coat’, Coman iČik, Kirghiz iČik, Kazak išik, etc. ~ Manchu iČu; Old-Turkic qatïy, qaty ‘solid, firm, strong’, Middle-Turkic qatïy, qatïq, Tuvin kadyg, Modern UJyghur kattik, kattyk, etc. ~Manchu hata; Middle-Turkic qarsaq ‘fox’, Coman qarsaq, etc. ~Mongol kirsa ~Manchu kirsa. This last Manchu word is probably a loan-word from Mongol, but this is, in such a context, irrelevant.

^{page 137 note 1} On the validity of this theory see the excellent article of Allen, W. S., ‘Relationship in comparative linguistics’, Transactions of the Philological Society, 1953, 52–108CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

^{page 138 note 1} La methode comparative en Unguistiqtie historique, Oslo, 1925, 34Google Scholar.

^{page 138 note 2} Indogermanische Grammatik, Teill: Einleitung. I. Etymologie, II. Konsonantismus(Indogermanische Bibliothek. Erste Abteilung, i. Reihe, Bd. 13, i. Teil), Heidelberg, 1927, 139Google Scholar.

^{page 139 note 1} The majority of these cannot serve for the reconstruction of an Altaic Urforrn. They occur in but two of the three Altaic groups and are, in some cases, and within these languages, of a very limited distribution.

^{page 139 note 2} I make no attempt at giving full documentation for each word. Without the resources of my own library I have to rely on my notes. A fairly complete list of my habitual sources was given on pp. 163–4 of my ‘On water-transport in central Eurasia’, UAJ, XXXIII, 1–2, 1961,166Google Scholar–79.To the references there given I should like to add, Ligeti, Louis, ‘Un vocabulaire mongol d'Istanboul’, Acta Orient. Hung., XIV, 1, 1962, 3–99Google Scholar (henceforth quoted as VI).

^{page 140 note 1} Die Bulgarisch-türhischen Lehnwörter in der ungarischen Sprache (MSFOu., xxx), 1912, 68.

^{page 140 note 2} ‘Mongolos jövévényszavaink kérdése’, Nyelvtvdományi Közlémenyek, XLIX, 1935, 190–271Google Scholar(see p. 214).

^{page 140 note 3} Die Lehnwörter des Sajansanwjedischen (MSFOu., CIII), 1952 (see p. 347).

^{page 140 note 4} ‘Altaisch und Urturkisch’, UJ, VI, 1, 1926, 94–121Google Scholar (see p. 100).

^{page 140 note 5} op. cit., 340‱1.

^{page 140 note 6} ‘Les voyelles longues en turc’, JA, ccxxx, avril-juin 1938,177–204Google Scholar (see pp. 192 and 198).

^{page 140 note 7} The forms thus indicated were taken from Titov, E. I., Tungussko-russkij slovar’, Irkutsk, 1926Google Scholar.

^{page 140 note 8} A Tungus dictionary, Tokyo, 1944Google Scholar.

^{page 140 note 9} ‘Zur Frage nach der Stellung des Tschuwassischen’, JSFOu., XXXVIII, 1922–3, 18Google Scholar.

^{page 140 note 10} ‘Les mots à h initiale aujourd'hui amuie, dans le mongol des XIIIe et xive siècles’, JA, CCVI, avril-juin 1925, 193–263Google Scholar(see p. 231).

^{page 141 note 1} cf. Sinor, Denis, ‘On some Ural-Altaic plural suffixes’, AM, NS, II, 2, 1952, 203Google Scholar–30 (see pp. 220–1, where I dealt briefly also with this and the following etymology).

^{page 141 note 2} ‘Die Volksnamen quman und qūn’, Korösi Csoma Archivum, III, 1, 1940, 95–109Google Scholar (see p. 109).

^{page 141 note 3} The oriental elements in the vocabulary of the oldest Russian epos, the Igor Tale (Suppl. to Word, Monograph No. 1), 1951, 14.

^{page 141 note 4} ‘Über die türkischen Namen einiger Grosskatzen’, Keleti Szemle, XVII, 1916, 112Google Scholar–46 (see p. 141).

^{page 141 note 5} ‘Lea voyelles longues’, 198.

^{page 142 note 1} ‘Zur Lautgeschichte der altaischen Spraohen’, XIII, 1912, 1–37Google Scholar (see p. 28).

^{page 142 note 2} ‘La transcription du mandjou’, JA, ccxxxvII, 2, 1949, 261Google Scholar–72 (see p. 265).

^{page 142 note 3} ‘A propos de l'00E9;criture mandchoue’, Ada Orient. Hung., II, 2–3, 1952, 235–301Google Scholar (see p. 281).

⁴Paasonen, H., ‘Beiträge zur finnischugrisch-samojedischen Lautgeschichte’, Keleti Szemle, XIII, 1912–13, 225Google Scholar–77 (see pp. 265–6). For the Lapp forms see Zsirai, Magyar Nyelv, XXIII, 320.

^{page 142 note 5} cf. Szinnyei, J., Magyar nyelvkasonlitás, 7th ed., Budapest, 1927, 142Google Scholar. I have already proposed this Ural-Altaic correspondence in ‘Ouralo-altaïque—indo-européen’, T'oung Pao, XXXVII, 5, 1944, 226Google Scholar–44 (see p. 236).

^{page 142 note 6} cf. Szinnyei, op. cit., 48.