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The Arabic Theatre in Egypt

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 December 2009

Extract

Translations and Adaptations.—As has been stated in the preceding article, most of the plays produced in Egypt from 1875 to 1914 were translations or adaptations of European originals. Shakespeare was amongst the first to be utilized, and a version of Othello, with the title was played by al Qurdāhī. It is difficult to form a clear idea of what these early performances were like; but it is obvious that the very amateurish production, the frequent oriental songs and the changes to suit local taste must have resulted in something very different from the productions of Shakespeare that are current in England to-day.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © School of Oriental and African Studies 1937

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References

page 991 note 1 Specimens in the MS. of Taufīq Ḥabīb, pp. 116–18.

page 991 note 2 Khalīl Muṭrān rejects as the original of the name “Othello” on the grounds that this name is never used by Moroccans. He suggests as an affectionate diminutive from ( “Unadorned”), suitable to a dark-skinned Moroccan whose mother, at any rate, was probably a negro slave, “al Akhbᾱr,” 26th April, 1916.

page 992 note 1 The following translations have appeared in a series published under the auspices of the Ministry of Education (1932–3). Shakespeare “Al Malik Līr,” translated by Ibrāhĩm Ramzī; “Tarwīd an Namira” (Taming of the Shrew), translated by Ibrāhīm Ramzī; Moliére, “Tartiif”; Ibsen, Ghosts and An Enemy of the People; Corneille, Cinna, translated by Khalīl Mutran; Victor Hugo, Hernani; Banville, Gringoire.

page 992 note 2 Programme of Ramses Theatre, undated. I have been told that the phrase “from the pen of” should be regarded as an indication that the piece is not original; but it seems unlikely that the ordinary playgoer would so understand it.

page 993 note 1 An abbreviated and unsatisfactory version of Kismet in the classical language has also been played, e.g. by a touring company under ‘Abdullah ‘Ukāsha.

page 993 note 2 Kismet, Knoblauch, E., Methuen, 1912, pp. 42–3.Google Scholar

page 994 note 1

page 994 note 2 for future tense.

page 994 note 3

page 995 note 1

page 995 note 2 From MS. kindly lent by Mme Fāṭima Rushdī.

page 996 note 1 “Al Masraḥ al Miṣr¯ ” (vol. iii, Mu'allafāt Muḥammad Taimūr). Cairo, 1341, pp. 255–352.

page 996 note 2 Colloquial.

page 998 note 1 Maṭba ‘at as Saqūr, 1922 (classical). Ibrāhĩm Ramzī is author of “al Hākim bi’amri-llah ”, “Abṭāl Manṣüra,” and various other adaptations; and also of an amusing sketch in the colloquial, “Dukhul al Ḥammᾱm mush zai Khurūju,” produced in 1917 and printed in 1924, al Maṭba ‘at as Salafiyya.

page 998 note 2 There also exist in print several romantic plays, apparently adaptations, by Jamīl al Baḥri, e.g. “Sajīn al Qaṣr”, “Qātil Akhīhi” Matba ‘at az Zahra, Haifa, 1927.

page 998 note 3 Printed in Cairo, 1931 (classical).

page 999 note 1 Printed in Cairo, 1933 (classical).

page 999 note 2 Maṭba ‘at al Ma‘ārif, Cairo, undated (classical).

page 999 note 3 Aḥmus al Awwal au Ṭard arRu ‘āt. al Maṭba ‘at al ‘Aṣriyya, Cairo, 1933 (classical).

page 1000 note 1 Maṭba ‘a Jarīdat aṣ Ṣabāh, Cairo, undated (colloquial).

page 1000 note 2 Maṭba ‘at as Siyāsa and Maṭba ‘at aṣ Sabaḥ. Both Cairo, undated (classical).

page 1000 note 3 Printed in “al Adab al Ḥayy”, Cairo, 1930 (classical).

page 1000 note 4 Printed in “al Fikr wal ‘Ālam’, Cairo, 1933 (classical).

page 1001 note 1 Shirka Matbū ‘āt al Qirtās, Cairo, undated (colloquial).

page 1001 note 2 “Al MasraḤ al Miṣrī” (vol. iii, Mu’ allafāt Muḥammad Taimūr), Cairo, 1341, pp. 1–254.

page 1001 note 3 “Ḥayatuna at Tamthīliyya” (vol. ii, Mu'allafāt Muḥammad Taimūr), Cairo, 1340, pp. 327–452.

page 1002 note 1 The theme is thus the same as that of Le Père Lebonnard, but the treatment is entirely different so that there is no question of imitation.

page 1005 note 1 al Masraḥ al Miṣrī, pp. 171–3.

page 1006 note 1 “Jamīl Buthaina” by ‘Abdurraḥmān Aḥmad as Sā‘ātī (Cairo, undated), seems a mere imitation. There is also a verse drama entitled Fatḥ al Andalus by Fū’ād al Khatīb, Cairo, 1931.

page 1006 note 2 Cairo, 1932.

page 1006 note 3 Cairo, 1929.

page 1006 note 4 Cairo, undated. An English translation of this play made by Mr. A. J. Arberry was published in Cairo in 1933.

page 1006 note 5 Cairo, 1931.

page 1006 note 6 Cairo, 1932.

page 1006 note 7 Cairo, 1932.

page 1008 note 1 Riwāyat Qambīz fil Mīzān. ‘Abbās Haḥmud al ‘Aqqād, Cairo, 1931 (?).