Hostname: page-component-5c6d5d7d68-xq9c7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-08-07T05:34:33.620Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Responses of Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood and G. pallidipes Austen (Diptera: Glossinidae) to the skin secretions of oxen

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

M.L. Warnes
M.L. Warnes*
Affiliation:
Tsetse Research Laboratory, ODA/University of Bristol, Langford, Bristol, UK
*
Dr M.L.Warnes, Tsetse Research Laboratory, ODA/University of Bristol, Langford House, Langford, Bristol BS187DU, UK.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

In Zimbabwe, catches of Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood and G.pallidipes Austen at odour baited traps were increased in the presence of residues of a solution of the skin secretions of oxen (hereafter sebum) by 80% and 29% respectively, and catches at F3 traps were significantly increased when sebum was presented on adjacent screens. Testing of fractions of sebum revealed active components(s) in the phenolic and non-acidic fractions but not in the acidic fraction. Furthermore, the activity of the phenolic fraction could not be explained by the presence of the known phenolic tsetse attractants. The effect of sebum was to attract more flies to the target rather than to induce a landing response in a higher proportion of attracted flies. Whether or not tarsal contact responses are involved remains conjectural. However, targets that were electrified over only one quarter of the surface caught more than one quarter the catch of targets electrified over all the surface both with and without sebum, indicating that many tsetse habitually alight more than once on baited targets. Data on the catches of other Diptera are also presented

Type
Research Article
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 80 , Issue 1 , March 1990 , pp. 91 - 97
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1990

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bursell, E., Gough, A.E.J., Beevor, P.S., Cork, A., Hall, D.R., Vale, G.A.. (1988) Identification of components of cattle urine attractive to tsetse flies Glossina spp. (Diptera: Glossinidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 78, 281–291.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dransfield, R.D., Brightwell, R., Chaudhury, M.F., Golder, T.K., Tarimo, S.A.R.. (1986) The use of odour attractants for sampling Glossina pallidipes Austen (Diptera: Glossinidae) at Nguruman, Kenya. Bulletin of Entomological Research 76, 607–619.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Flint, S.. (1985) A comparison of various traps for Glossina spp. (Glossinidae) and other Diptera. Bulletin of Entomological Research 75, 529–534.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Green, C.H.. (1988) The effect of colour on trap- and screenorientated responses in Glossina palpalis palpalis Robineau-Desvoidy) (Diptera: Glossinidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 76, 409–418.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Green, C.H., Flint, S. (1986) An analysis of colour effects in the performence of the F2 trap against Glossina pallidipes Austen and G. morsitans morsitans Westwood (Diptera: Glossinidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 76, 409–418.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hall, D.R., Beevor, P.S., Cork, A, Nesbitt, B.F., Vale, G.A.. (1984) 1-octen-3-ol a potent olfactory stimulant and attractant for tsetse isolated from cattle odours. Insect Science and its Application 5, 335–339.Google Scholar
Hargrove, J.W., Vale, G.A.. (1978) The effect of host odour concentration on catches of tsetse flies (Glossinidae) and other Diptera in the field. Bulletin of Entomological Research 68, 607–612.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Langridge, W.P.. (1961) Scent attractants for tsetse flies. International Scientific Council for Trypanosomiasis Research, Eighth Meeting, Jos,19-23 July 1960, pp. 127–132. Commission for technical co-operation in Africa south of the Sahara.Google Scholar
McEwan, Jenkinson D, Mabon, R.M. (1973) The effect of temperature and humidity on the skin surface and pH and the ionic composition of skin secretions in Ayrshire cattle. British Veterinary Journal 129, 282–295.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Merot, P., Filledier, J., Mulato, C.. (1988) Pouvoir attractif, pour Glossina tachinoides, de produits chimiques isolés des odeurs animales. Revue d’Elevage Médicine Ve´terinaire des Pays Tropicaux 41, 79–85.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moloo, S.K.. (1973) A new trap for Glossina pallidipes Aust, and G. fuscipes Newst. (Dipt., Glossinidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 63, 231–236.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Packer, M.J., Brady, J.. (1990) Efficiency of electric nets as sampling devices for tsetse flies (Diptera: Glossinidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 80, 43–47.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Persoons, C.J.. (1967) Trapping G. pallidipes and G. palpalis fuscipes in scented traps. International Scientific Council for Try-panosomiasis Research, Eleventh Meeting,Nairobi,31 October– 4 November 1966 pp. 127–132. Organization of African Unity Scientific Technical and Research Commission.Google Scholar
Smith, M.E., Noble, R.C., McEwan, Jenkinson D. (1975) The effect of environment on sebum output and composition in cattle. Researches in Veterinary Science 19, 253–258.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Snedecor, G.W., Cochran, W.G.. (1967) Statistical methods. 6th edn. 593. pp Ames, Iowa State University Press.Google Scholar
Torr, S.J., Parker, A.G., Leigh-Brown, G.. (1989) The responses of Glossina pallidipes Austen (Diptera: Glossinidae) to odour-baited traps and targets in Somalia. Bulletin of Entomological Research 79, 99–108.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vale, G.A.. (1974a) New field methods for studying the responses of tsetse flies (Diptera: Glossinidae) to hosts. Bulletin of Entomological Research 64, 199–208.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vale, G.A.. (1974b) The responses of tsetse flies (Diptera: Glossinidae) to mobile and stationary baits. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 64, 545–588.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vale, G.A.. (1974c) Direct observations on the responses of tsetse flies (Diptera: Glossinidae) to hosts. Bulletin of Entomological Research 64, 589–594.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vale, G.A.. (1980) Field studies of the responses of tsetse flies (Glossinidae) and other Diptera to carbon dioxide, acetone and other chemicals. Bulletin of Entomological Research 70, 563–570.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vale, G.A., Flint, S, Hall, D.R. (1986) The field responses of tsetse flies, Glossina spp. (Diptera Glossinidae), to odours of host residues. Bulletin of Entomological Research 76, 685–693.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vale, G.A., Hall, D.R., Gough, A.E.J. (1988a) The alfactory responses of tsetse flies, Glossina spp. (Diptera: Glossinidae), to phenols in the field. Bulletin of Entomological Research 78, 293–300.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vale, G.A., Lovemore, D.F., Flint, S, Cockbill, G.F.. (1988b) Odour-baited targets to control tsetse flies, Glossina spp. (Diptera: Glossinidae), in Zimbabwe. Bulletin of Entomological Research 78, 31–49.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Warnes, M.L.. (1989) Responses of tsetse flies (Glossina spp.) to compounds on the skin surface of an ox: a laboratory study. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 3, 399–406.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed