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Mitigating dengue incidence through advanced Aedes larval surveillance and control: A successful experience from Pakistan

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 May 2024

Sohail Abbas Open the ORCID record for Sohail Abbas [Opens in a new window] ,
Muneer Abbas ,
Aleena Alam ,
Niaz Hussain ,
Muhammad Irshad ,
Mudassar Khaliq ,
Xiao Han ,
Faisal Hafeez ,
Donato Romano  and
Ri Zhao Chen Open the ORCID record for Ri Zhao Chen [Opens in a new window]
Sohail Abbas
Affiliation:
College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, PR China
Muneer Abbas
Affiliation:
Arid Zone Research Institute, Bhakkar, Punjab 30004, Pakistan
Aleena Alam
Affiliation:
College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, PR China
Niaz Hussain
Affiliation:
Arid Zone Research Institute, Bhakkar, Punjab 30004, Pakistan
Muhammad Irshad
Affiliation:
Arid Zone Research Institute, Bhakkar, Punjab 30004, Pakistan
Mudassar Khaliq
Affiliation:
Arid Zone Research Institute, Bhakkar, Punjab 30004, Pakistan
Xiao Han
Affiliation:
College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, PR China
Faisal Hafeez
Affiliation:
Entomological Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Punjab 38000, Pakistan
Donato Romano
Affiliation:
The BioRobotics Institute & Department of Excellence in Robotics and AI, Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, 56127, Pisa, Italy
Ri Zhao Chen*
Affiliation:
College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, PR China
*
Corresponding author: Ri Zhao Chen; Email: rizhaochen@jlau.edu.cn
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Abstract

Dengue fever is a viral disease caused by one of four dengue stereotypes (Flavivirus: Flaviviridae) that are primarily transmitted by Aedes albopictus (Skuse) and Aedes aegypti (L.). To safeguard public health, it is crucial to conduct surveys that examine the factors favouring the presence of these species. Our study surveyed 42 councils across four towns within the Bhakkar district of Punjab Province, by inspecting man-made or natural habitats containing standing water. First, door-to-door surveillance teams from the district health department were assigned to each council to surveillance Aedes species and dengue cases. Second, data collection through surveillance efforts, and validation procedures were implemented, and the verified data was uploaded onto the Dengue Tracking System by Third Party Validation teams. Third, data were analysed to identify factors influencing dengue fever cases. The findings demonstrated the following: (1) Predominantly, instances were discerned among individuals who had a documented history of having travelled beyond the confines of the province. (2) Containers associated with evaporative air coolers and tyre shops were responsible for approximately 30% of the Aedes developmental sites. (4) Variability in temperature was responsible for approximately 45% of the observed differences in the quantity of recorded Aedes mosquito developmental sites. (5) Implementation of dengue prevention initiatives precipitated a 50% reduction in Aedes-positive containers, alongside a notable 70% decline in reported cases of dengue fever during the period spanning 2019 to 2020, while the majority of reported cases were of external origin. Aedes control measures substantially curtailed mosquito populations and lowered vector-virus interactions. Notably, local dengue transmission was eliminated through advanced and effective Aedes control efforts, emphasising the need for persistent surveillance and eradication of larval habitats in affected regions.

Keywords

Aedesanti-dengue third party validationdengue feverdengue vectordengue incidence
Type
Research Paper
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , First View , pp. 1 - 10
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press

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