Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-sjtt6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-27T22:13:36.509Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

General Observations on Mosquitos in relation to Yellow Fever in the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

D. J. Lewis
D. J. Lewis
Affiliation:
Medical Entomologist, Stack Medical Research Laboratories.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

1. Owing to the history of yellow fever in the Sudan and the lines of communication which traverse the country, a general survey of the mosquitos, particularly the Culicines, is of practical interest. The known potential vectors of yellow fever are listed.

2. Observations on the man-biting or man-ignoring habits of some species are recorded and also notes on the bionomics of Taeniorhynchus africanus, T. uniformis, Aëdes aegypti and other species.

3. For purposes of description the country is divided into sub-divisions of the recognized faunal areas and notes are given on the Culicines of each.

4. Brief observations are made on mosquito control measures against yellow fever.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 37 , Issue 4 , March 1947 , pp. 543 - 566
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1947

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Anon. (1941). Yellow fever and East Africa.–E. Afr. med. J., 17, pp. 403–408.Google Scholar
Archibald, R. G. (1917). Seven-day fever in the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan.—J. trop. Med. Hyg., 20, pp. 183–185.Google Scholar
Balfour, A. (1904). First report of the Wellcome Research Laboratories at the Gordon Memorial College, Khartoum.Google Scholar
Balfour, A.. (1908). Sanitary notes. Khartoum.—3rd Rep. Wellcome trop. Res. Lab., pp. 60–92.Google Scholar
Bauer, J. H. (1928). The transmission of yellow fever by mosquitoes other than Aëdes aegypti.—Amer. J. trop. Med., 8, pp. 261–282.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beeuwkes, H., Kerr, J. A., Weathersbee, A. A. & Taylor, A. W. (1933). Observations on the bionomics and comparative prevalence of the vectors of yellow fever and other domestic mosquitoes of West Africa, and the epidemiological significance of seasonal variations.—Trans. R. Soc. trop. Med. Hyg., 26, pp. 425–447.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bowen, W. W. (1926). Catalogue of Sudan Birds… Khartoum.Google Scholar
Butcher, A. D. (1938). The Sadd Hydraulics. Cairo.Google Scholar
Chapin, J. P. (1923). Ecological aspects of bird distribution in Tropical Africa.— Amer. Nat., 57, pp. 106–125.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chapin, J. P.. (1932). The Birds of the Belgian Congo, part I.—Bull. Amer. Mus. nat. Hist., 65, pp. 1–756.Google Scholar
Davis, N. C. (1933). Transmission of yellow fever virus by Culex fatigans Wiedemann.—Ann. ent. Soc. Amer., 26, pp. 491–495.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davis, N. C. & Philip, C. B. (1931). The identification of the bloodmeal in West African mosquitoes by means of the precipitin test. A preliminary report.—Amer. J. Hyg., 14, pp. 130–141.Google Scholar
Edwards, F. W. (1941). Mosquitoes of the Ethiopian Region. III.—Culicine Adults and Pupae. London, Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.).Google Scholar
Findlay, G. M., Kirk, R. & MacCallum, F. O. (1941). Yellow fever and the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan: distribution of immune bodies to yellow fever.—Ann. trop. Med. Parasit., 35, pp. 121–139.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grabham, G. W. (1924). Water supplies in the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan. Khartoum.Google Scholar
Haddow, A. J. (1942). The mosquito fauna and climate of native huts at Kisumu, Kenya.—Bull. ent. Res., 33, pp. 91–142.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haddow, A. J. (1945). The mosquitoes of Bwamba County, Uganda. II.—Biting activity with special reference to the influence of microclimate.—Bull. ent. Res., 36, pp. 33–73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hopkins, G. H. E. (1936). Mosquitoes of the Ethiopian Region. I.—Larval bionomics of mosquitoes and taxonomy of Culicine larvae. London, Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.).Google Scholar
Hughes, T. P. (1943). The reaction of the African grivet monkey (Cercopithecus aethiops centralis) to yellow fever virus.—Trans. R. Soc. trop. Med. Hyg., 36, pp. 339–346.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hurst, H. E. (1944). A short account of the Nile Basin. Cairo.Google Scholar
Kerr, J. A. (1932). Studies on the transmission of experimental yellow fever by Culex thalassius and Mansonia uniformis.—Ann. trop. Med. Parasit., 26, pp. 119–127.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kerr, J. A.. (1933). Studies on the abundance, distribution and feeding habits of some West African mosquitos.—Bull. ent. Res., 24, pp. 493–510.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
King, H. H. (1908). Report on economic entomology.—3rd Rep. Wellcome trop. Res. Lab., pp. 201–248.Google Scholar
Kirk, R. (1941). An epidemic of yellow fever in the Nuba Mountains, Anglo-Egyptian Sudan.—Ann. trop. Med. Parasit., 35, pp. 67–112.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kirk, R. (1943). Some observations on the study and control of yellow fever in Africa, with particular reference to the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan.—Trans. R. Soc. trop. Med. Hyg., 37, pp. 125–150.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lewis, D. J. (1943). Mosquitoes in relation to yellow fever in the Nuba Mountains, Anglo-Egyptian Sudan.—Ann. trop. Med. Parasit., 37, pp. 65–76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lewis, D. J. (1943a). The Culicine mosquitos of Eritrea.—Bull. ent. Res., 34, pp. 279–285.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lewis, D. J. (1945). Observations on the distribution and taxonomy of Culicidae (Diptera) in the Sudan.—Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond., 95, pp. 1–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lewis, D. J., Hughes, T. P. & Mahaffy, A. F. (1942). Experimental transmission of yellow fever by three common species of mosquitoes from the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan.—Ann. trop. Med. Parasit., 36, pp. 34–38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lynes, H. (1925). On the birds of North and Central Darfur, with notes on the West-Central Kordofan and North Nuba Provinces of the British Sudan (Part VI).—Ann. trop. Med. Parasit., (12) 1, pp. 757–797.Google Scholar
Mahaffy, A. F., Smithburn, K. C., Jacobs, H. R. & Gillett, J. D. (1942). Yellow fever in western Uganda.—Trans. R. Soc. trop. Med. Hyg., 36, pp. 9–20.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Philip, C. B. (1929). Preliminary report on further tests with yellow fever transmission by mosquitoes other than Aëdes aegypti.—Amer. J. trop. Med., 9, pp. 267–269.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Philip, C. B. (1930). Studies on transmission of experimental yellow fever by mosquitoes other than Aëdes aegypti.—Amer. J. trop. Med., 10, pp. 1–16.Google Scholar
Sams, C. F. (1944). Medical problems in the Middle East.—Ann. intern. Med. no. 2, pp. 215–229.Google Scholar
Soper, F. L. (1938). Discussion.—Trans. R. Soc. trop. Med. Hyg., 32, p. 323.Google Scholar
Soper, F. L.Wilson, D. B., Lima, S. & Autunes, W. S. (1943). The organisation of permanent nation-wide anti-Aëdes aegypti measures in Brazil. New York.Google Scholar
Theobald, F. V. (1904). The mosquitoes of Egypt, the Sudan and Abyssinia.—1st Rep. Wellcome trop. Res. Lab., pp. 62–83.Google Scholar
Whitfield, F. G. S. (1933). Bionomics and control of Dysdercus in the Sudan.—Bull. ent. Res., 24, pp. 301–313.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Whitfield, F. G. S. (1939). Air transport, insects and disease.—Bull. ent. Res., 30, pp. 365–442.CrossRefGoogle Scholar