Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-vsgnj Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-18T20:39:05.088Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Distribution, life history and host specificity of Chrysolina picturata and Chrysolina sp. B (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), two biological control agents for Chrysanthemoides monilifera (Compositae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

R. J. Adair  and
J. K. Scott
R. J. Adair
Affiliation:
Keith Turnbull Research Institute, Department of Natural Resources and Environment, PO Box 48, Frankston 3199, Australia
J. K. Scott
Affiliation:
CSIRO Division of Entomology, Private Bag, PO Wembley 6014, Australia
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The southern African shrubs Chrysanthemoides monilifera monilifera and C. m. rotundata (Compositae) are serious weeds of native vegetation in Australia and are targets for classical biological control. In host specificity tests using 69 species from 25 families, two leaf-feeding chrysomelid beetles, Chrysolina picturata (Clark) and Chrysolina sp. B, were able to complete development on only Chrysanthemoides monilifera and C. incana. The subspecies Chrysanthemoides m. monilifera was the superior host for both Chrysolina picturata and Chrysolina sp. B. Feeding and limited development of both species occurred on Calendula officinalis; limited development by Chrysolina picturata larvae occurred on Helianthus annuus, Tussilago farfara and Cymbonotus priessianus. Chrysolina picturata and Chrysolina sp. B are considered to be Chrysanthemoides-specific and have been approved for release in Australia. Potential release sites for both Chrysolina species were chosen by comparing the climate of the insects' African distribution with climate stations within the range of Chrysanthemoides monilifera in Australia. Chrysolina picturata and Chrysolina sp. B are suited for release within the western distribution of Chrysanthemoides m. monilifera in coastal areas of south eastern South Australia.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 87 , Issue 4 , August 1997 , pp. 331 - 341
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1997

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Adair, R.J. & Scott, J.K. (1989) The life-history and host specificity of Comostolopsis germana Prout (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), a biological control agent of Chrysanthemoides monilifera (Compositae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 79, 649–657.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Adair, R.J. & Scott, J.K. (1991) Distribution, life history, host specificity and suitability of an undescribed Chrysolina species (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) for the biological control of Chrysanthemoides monilifera (Compositae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 81, 235–242.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anderson, T.M. & van Haaren, P.E. (1989) Rainproofing glyphosate with ‘Bondcrete’ cement additive for improved Bitou Bush control. Plant Protection Quarterly 4, 45–46.Google Scholar
Annecke, D.P. & Moran, V.C. (1982) Insects and mites of cultivated plants in South Africa. 383 pp. Durban/Pretoria, Butter-worths.Google Scholar
Anon. (1988) Climate of South Africa. Climate statistics up to 1984. 474 pp. Pretoria, Government Printer.Google Scholar
Beadle, N.C.W. & Beadle, L.D. (1980) Students flora of North Eastern New South Wales. Parts I–IV, 686 pp. University of New England, Armidale.Google Scholar
Carr, G.W., Yugovic, J.V. & Robinson, K.E. (1992) Environmental weed invasions in Victoria: conservation and management implications. 78 pp. Melbourne, Department of Conservation and Environment, and Ecological Horticulture Pty Ltd.Google Scholar
Cooney, P.A., Gibbs, D.G. & Golinski, K.D. (1982) Evaluation of the herbicide “Roundup” for control of bitou bush (Chrysanthemoides monilifera). Journal of the Soil Conservation Service of New South Wales 38, 6–12.Google Scholar
Dodkin, M. & Gilmore, A.M. (1985) Species and ecosystems at risk – a preliminary review. pp. 33–52 in Love, A. & Dyson, R. (Eds) Proceedings of a conference on Chrysanthemoides monilifera,Port Macquarie,8–9 August 1984.National Parks and Wildlife Service and New South Wales Department of Agriculture.Google Scholar
Earl, T.J. (1990) Boneseed control using glyphosate. Plant Protection Quarterly 5, 169–170.Google Scholar
Forbes, S.J. & Ross, J.H. (1988) A census of the vascular plants of Victoria. 2nd edn.192 pp. National Herbarium of Victoria, Melbourne.Google Scholar
Gibbs Russell, G.E., Welman, W.G., Retief, E., Imelman, K.L., Germishuizen, G., Pienaar, B.J., Van Wyk, M. & Nicholas, A. (1987) List of southern African plants. Memoirs of the Botanical Survey of South Africa 56, 1–270.Google Scholar
Gray, M. (1976) Miscellaneous notes on Australian plants. 2. Chrysanthemoides (Asteraceae). Contributions from Herbarium Australiense 16, 1–5.Google Scholar
Harris, P. (1981) Stress as a strategy in the biological control of weeds. pp. 333–340. in Papavisa, G.C. (Ed.) Biological control in crop production. Symposium 5 BARC., Granada.Google Scholar
Holtkamp, R. (1993) Proceedings of a National Workshop on Chrysanthemoides monilifera.Port Macquarie,28–30 April, 1993.New South Wales Department of Agriculture, Tamworth.Google Scholar
Humpheries, S.E., Groves, R.H. & Mitchell, D.S. (1991) Plant invasions: the incidence of environmental weeds in Australia. Kowari 2, 3–134.Google Scholar
Jessop, J.P. & Toelken, H.R. (1986) Flora of South Australia. Parts I–IV, 2248 pp. South Australian Government Printing Division, Adelaide.Google Scholar
Mabberley, D.L. (1987) The plant-book: a portable dictionary of the higher plants. 706 pp. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.Google Scholar
Meggs, J. (1995) Biotic resistance to a chrysomelid beetle (Chrysolina sp.) introduced into Australia for the biological control of boneseed (Chrysanthemoides monilifera spp. monilifera) Hons. Thesis, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Monash University, Victoria, Australia.Google Scholar
Moll, E.J. & Bossi, L. (1984) Assessment of the extent of the natural vegetation of the fynbos biome of South Africa. South African Journal of Science 80, 355–358.Google Scholar
Norlindh, T. (1943) Studies in the Calenduleae. I. Monograph of the genera Dimorphotheca, Castalis, Osteospermum, Gibbaria, and Chrysanthemoides. 423 pp. Lund, C.W.K. Gleerup.Google Scholar
Schloms, H.A., Ellis, F. & Lambrechts, J.J.N. (1983) Soils of the Cape coastal platform. South African National Scientific Programmes Report 75, 70–86.Google Scholar
Scott, J.K. & Adair, R.J. (1990) The commencement of biological control of bitou bush and boneseed (Chrysanthemoides monilifera). pp. 126–129 in Heap, J.W. (Ed.) Proceedings of the 9th Australian Weeds Conference,Adelaide,6–10 August 1990.Crop Science Society of South Australia Inc.Google Scholar
Scott, J.K. & Adair, R.J. (1996) Selection of biological control agents for Chrysanthemoides monilifera, a weed of protected areas in Australia. pp. 61–67 in Delfosse, E.S. & Scott, R.R. (Eds) Proceedings of the VIII International Symposium on Biological Control of Weeds,Canterbury, New Zealand,2–7 Februay 1992.CSIRO Australia.Google Scholar
Scott, J.K. & Brown, E.M. (1992) Preliminary observations on the biology and host plants of “Tortrix” sp. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), a possible biological control agent for Chrysanthemoides spp. (Asteraceae). Journal of the Entomological Society of South Africa 55, 245–253.Google Scholar
Sutherst, R.W. & Maywald, G.F. (1985) A computerised system for matching climates in ecology. Agriculture, Ecosystem and Environment 13, 281–299.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Waage, J.K. (1991) Biodiversity as a resource for biological control. pp. 149–163 in Hawksworth D.L. (Ed.) The biodiversity of microorganisms and invertebrates: its role in sustainable agriculture. Proceedings of the first Workshop on the Ecological Foundations of Sustainable Agriculture (WEFSA 1).London26–27 July, 1990.CAB International.Google Scholar
Wapshere, A.J. (1974) A strategy for evaluating the safety of organisms for biological weed control. Annals of Applied Biology 77, 201–211.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weiss, P.W. (1984) Seed characteristics and regeneration of some species in invaded coastal dune communities. Australian Journal of Ecology 9, 99–106.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weiss, P.W. (1986) The biology of Australian weeds 14. Chrysanthemoides monilifera (L.) T. Norl. Journal of the Australian Institute of Agricultural Science 52, 127–134.Google Scholar
Weiss, P.W. & Noble, I.R. (1984) Status of coastal dune communities invaded by Chrysanthemoides monilifera. Australian Journal of Ecology 9, 93–98.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilkinson, L., Hill, M., Welna, J.P. & Birkenbeuel, G.K. (1992) SYSTAT for Windows: statistics, version 5 edition. Evanston, IL: SYSTAT, Inc., 750 pp.Google Scholar