Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-vvkck Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-25T15:21:05.844Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Differential rate of selection for resistance by carbamate, organophosphorus and combined pyrethroid and organophosphorus insecticides in Myzus persicae (sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

R. H. Ffrench-Constant ,
A. L. Devonshire  and
S. J. Clark
R. H. Ffrench-Constant
Affiliation:
Rothamsted Experimental Station, Harpenden, Herts., UK
A. L. Devonshire
Affiliation:
Rothamsted Experimental Station, Harpenden, Herts., UK
S. J. Clark
Affiliation:
Rothamsted Experimental Station, Harpenden, Herts., UK
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Field cages in southern England enclosing single rows of potatoes and infested with differing initial proportions of S (susceptible), R1 (moderately insecticide resistant) and R2 (very resistant) clones of Myzus persicae (Sulzer) were sprayed three times, at 14-day intervals, with pirimicarb (carbamate), demeton-S-methyl (organophosphorus) or a mixture of deltamethrin and heptenophos (pyrethroid and organophosphorus insecticides). The numbers of aphids on top, middle and basal leaves were counted, pre-treatment and one and eight days after each of the three sprays. The resistance genotype frequencies of the three variants were determined by an immunoplate assay which measures the amount of the carboxylesterase E4, the enzyme conferring resistance, in individual aphids. All three chemicals selected strongly for the very resistant variant. After three sprays, R2 aphid frequencies approached or equalled fixation (1·00) for both starting frequencies. However, the deltamethrin-heptenophos mixture selected for R2 aphids more rapidly than the other chemical treatments. Increasing the initial starting frequency of R2 aphids from 0·02 to 0·20 led to a more rapid increase of their frequencies towards 1·00 for all chemicals. The numbers of aphids on all treated plots were less than on the control. However, the more rapid increase in the proportion of R2's on plots treated with deltamethrin plus heptenophos, coupled with enhanced nymph production, resulted in a smaller reduction in numbers than was achieved by the other chemical treatments. The need for novel control methods is discussed in the light of the strong selection for R2 aphids exerted by all three insecticide classes.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 77 , Issue 2 , June 1987 , pp. 227 - 238
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1987

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Blackman, R. L. (1971). Variation in the photoperiodic response within natural populations of Myzus persicae (Sulz.).—Bull. ent. Res. 60, 533–546.Google Scholar
Brookes, C. P. & Loxdale, H. D. (1987). Survey of enzyme variation in British populations of Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on crops and weed hosts.—Bull. ent. Res. 77, 83–89.Google Scholar
Devonshire, A. L., Foster, G. N. & Sawicki, R. M. (1977). Peach-potato aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulz.), resistant to organophosphorus and carbamate insecticides on potatoes in Scotland.—Pl. Path. 26, 60–62.Google Scholar
Devonshire, A. L. & Moores, G. D. (1982). A carboxylesterase with broad substrate specificity causes organophosphorus, carbamate and pyrethroid resistance in peach-potato aphids (Myzus persicae).—Pestic. Biochem. & Physiol. 18, 235–246.Google Scholar
Devonshire, A. L., Moores, G. D. & Ffrench-Constant, R. H. (1986). Detection of insecticide resistance by immunological estimation of carboxylesterase activity in Myzus persicae (Sulzer) and cross reaction of the antiserum with Phorodon humuli (Schrank) (Hemiptera: Aphididae).—Bull. ent. Res. 76, 97–107.Google Scholar
Devonshire, A. L. & Sawicki, R. M. (1979). Insecticide-resistant Myzus persicae as an example of evolution by gene duplication.—Nature, Lond. 280, 140–141.Google Scholar
Ffrench-Constant, R. H. & Devonshire, A. L. (1986). The effect of aphid immigration on the rate of selection of insecticide resistance in Myzus persicae by different classes of insecticides.—pp. 115–125in Aspects of applied biology 13. Crop protection of sugar beet and crop protection and quality of potatoes, 1986.—519 pp. Wellesbourne, UK, AAB.Google Scholar
Foster, G. N. (1986). Effects of two insecticidal spray programmes on aphids and the spread of potato leafroll virus.— pp. 24–25in Tests of agrochemicals and cultivars, 7.—Ann. appl. Biol. 108 (suppl.), 183 pp.Google Scholar
Foster, G. N., McKinlay, R. G., Shaw, M. W., Aveyard, C., Gordon,, S. C. & Woodford, J. A. T. (1981). The control of the aphids and leaf roll virus disease of potatoes by granular insecticides.—pp. 91–96in Williams, G. H. (Ed.). Crop protection in northern Britain. Proceedings of a conference held at Dundee University 17–19 March 1981.—342 pp. Dundee, Scott. Crop Res. Inst.Google Scholar
Furk, C. (1986). Incidence and distribution of insecticide-resistant strains of Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in England and Wales in 1980–84.—Bull. ent. Res. 76, 53–58.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gower, J. C. & Barnett, J. A. (1971). Selecting tests in diagnostic keys with unknown responses.—Nature, Lond. 232, 491–493.Google Scholar
Jackson, A. E. M., Wilkins, R. M. (1985). The effect of sub-lethal dosages of the synthetic pyrethroid fenvalerate on the reproductive rate of the aphid Myzus persicae.—Pestic. Sci. 16, 364–368.Google Scholar
Pedersen, O. C. (1984). An insecticide bioassay for Myzus persicae validated by probit analysis and esterase measurement.—Ecol. Bull. 36, 50–56.Google Scholar
Sawicki, R. M., Devonshire, A. L., Rice, A. D., Moores, G. D., Petzing, S. M. & Cameron, A.(1978). The detection and distribution of organophosphorus and carbamate insecticide-resistant Myzus persicae (Sulz.) in Britain in 1976.—Pestic Sci. 9, 189–201.Google Scholar
Sawicki, R. M. & Rice, A. D. (1978). Response of susceptible and resistant peach-potato aphids Myzus persicae (Sulz.) to insecticides in leaf-dip bioassays.—Pestic. Sci. 9, 513–516.Google Scholar
Sawicki, R. M., Rice, A. D. & Gibson, R. W. (1983). Insecticide-resistance in the peach-potato aphid Myzus persicae and the prevention of virus spread.—pp. 29–32in Aspects of Applied Biology 2. Pests, diseases, weeds and weed beet in sugar beet, 1983.—218 pp. Wellesbourne, UK, AAB.Google Scholar
Sykes, G. B. (1977). Resistance in the peach-potato aphid (Myzus persicae (Sulz.)) to organophosphorus insecticides in Yorkshire and Lancashire.—Pl. Path. 26, 91–93.Google Scholar
Tamaki, G. & Allen, W. W. (1969). Competition and other factors influencing the population dynamics of Aphis gossypii and Macrosiphoniella sanborni on greenhouse chrysanthemums.—Hilgardia 39, 447–505.Google Scholar
Tanaka, T. (1957). Studies on the two ecological forms of Myzus persicae Sulzer. I. Colour variation and distribution of the two colour forms on cabbage in the greenhouse [in Japanese].—Jap. J. appl. Ent. Zool. 1, 88–94.Google Scholar
Turl, L. A. D. (1978). Epidemiology of potato aphids in 1975–77 with regard to the incidence of potato leaf roll virus in Scotland.—pp. 235–242in Scott, P. R. & Bainbridge, A. (Eds.). Plant disease epidemiology.—329 pp. Oxford, Blackwell.Google Scholar
Van Emden, H. F., Eastop, V. F., Hughes, R. D. & Way, M. J. (1969). The ecology of Myzus persicae.—A. Rev. Ent. 14, 197–270.Google Scholar
Wachendorff, U. & Klingauf, F. (1978). Esterasetest zur Diagnose von Insektizidresistenz bei Aphiden.—Z. PflKrankh. PflSchutz 85, 218–227.Google Scholar
Way, M. J. (1968). Intra-specific mechanisms with special reference to aphid populations.—pp. 18–36in Southwood, T. R. E. (Ed.). Insect abundance.—160 pp. Oxford, Blackwell (Symp. R. ent. Soc. Lond. no. 4).Google Scholar
Woodford, J. A. T., Gordon, S. C., Foster, G. N., McKinlay, R. G. & Shaw, M. W. (1984). Trials with granular insecticides for the control of aphids and potato leafroll virus disease in Scotland, 1980–1982.—pp. 171–176in Crop protection in northern Britain 1984. Proceedings of a conference held at Dundee University 19–22 March 1984.—444 pp. Dundee, Scott. Crop Res. Inst.Google Scholar
Woodford, J. A. T., Harrison, B. D., Aveyard, C. S. & Gordon, S. C. (1983). Insecticidal control of aphids and the spread of potato leafroll virus in potato crops in eastern Scotland.—Ann. appl. Biol. 103, 117–130.Google Scholar