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Dietary raffinose ameliorates hepatic lipid accumulation induced by cholic acid via modulation of enterohepatic bile acid circulation in rats

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 July 2021

Kenta Maegawa ,
Haruka Koyama ,
Satoru Fukiya ,
Atsushi Yokota ,
Koichiro Ueda  and
Satoshi Ishizuka Open the ORCID record for Satoshi Ishizuka[Opens in a new window]
Kenta Maegawa
Affiliation:
Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo060-8589, Japan
Haruka Koyama
Affiliation:
Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo060-8589, Japan
Satoru Fukiya
Affiliation:
Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo060-8589, Japan
Atsushi Yokota
Affiliation:
Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo060-8589, Japan
Koichiro Ueda
Affiliation:
Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo060-8589, Japan
Satoshi Ishizuka*
Affiliation:
Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo060-8589, Japan
*
*Corresponding author: Satoshi Ishizuka, email zuka@chem.agr.hokudai.ac.jp
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Abstract

Enterohepatic circulation of 12α-hydroxylated (12αOH) bile acid (BA) is enhanced depending on the energy intake in high-fat diet-fed rats. Such BA metabolism can be reproduced using a diet supplemented with cholic acid (CA), which also induces simple steatosis, without inflammation and fibrosis, accompanied by some other symptoms that are frequently observed in the condition of non-alcoholic fatty liver in rats. We investigated whether supplementation of the diet with raffinose (Raf) improves hepatic lipid accumulation induced by the CA-fed condition in rats. After acclimation to the AIN-93-based control diet, male Wistar rats were fed diets supplemented with a combination of Raf (30 g/kg diet) and/or CA (0·5 g/kg diet) for 4 weeks. Dietary Raf normalised hepatic TAG levels (two-way ANOVA P < 0·001 for CA, P = 0·02 for Raf and P = 0·004 for interaction) in the CA-supplemented diet-fed rats. Dietary Raf supplementation reduced hepatic 12αOH BA concentration (two-way ANOVA P < 0·001 for CA, P = 0·003 for Raf and P = 0·03 for interaction). The concentration of 12αOH BA was reduced in the aortic and portal plasma. Raf supplementation increased acetic acid concentration in the caecal contents (two-way ANOVA P = 0·001 as a main effect). Multiple regression analysis revealed that concentrations of aortic 12αOH BA and caecal acetic acid could serve as predictors of hepatic TAG concentration (R2 = 0·55, P < 0·001). However, Raf did not decrease the secondary 12αOH BA concentration in the caecal contents as well as the transaminase activity in the CA diet-fed rats. These results imply that dietary Raf normalises hepatic lipid accumulation via suppression of enterohepatic 12αOH BA circulation.

Keywords

RaffinoseBile acidHepatic lipidsEnterohepatic circulation
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 127 , Issue 11 , 14 June 2022 , pp. 1621 - 1630
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society

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