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Catholic Members of Parliament who Represented British Constituencies, 1829–1885: A Prosopographical Analysis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 September 2015

John A. Stack
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Extract

In an 1885 article on ‘Roman Catholics and Parliamentary Representation,’ The Times suggested ‘it is a strange thing that although the Catholic Emancipation Bill was passed in 1829, very few members of that faith have succeeded in holding seats for English constituencies.’ During the past few decades a number of historians have published important studies of the electoral influence of Catholics in the nineteenth century, but most of these works have paid little attention to the Catholics who were Members of Pariliament. But any attempt to understand the Catholic contribution to public life in the nineteenth century surely requires an analysis of the Catholic M.P.s.

Type
Research Article
Information
British Catholic History , Volume 24 , Issue 3 , May 1999 , pp. 335 - 363
Copyright
Copyright © Catholic Record Society 1973

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References

Notes

1 The Times, December 14, 1885.

2 See, for instance, Theodore Hoppen, K., ‘Tories, Catholics, and the General Election of 1859,’ The Historical Journal, Vol. 13 (1970), pp. 48–67 CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Dermot Quinn, Patronage and Piety: the Politics of English Roman Catholicism, 1850–1900 (Stanford: Stanford U.P., 1993); and Alan O’Day, ‘The Political Representation of the Irish in Great Britain, 1850–1940,’ in Governments, Ethnic Groups, and Political Representation, ed. by Geoffrey Alderman (Aldershot, Hants.: Dartmouth Pub. Co., 1993), pp. 31–38.

3 Craig, F. W. S., British Electoral Facts, 1832–1987 (Aldershot, Hants.: Dartmouth Pub. Co., 1989) p. 173.Google Scholar

4 John, Martin Robinson, The Dukes of Norfolk: A Quincentennial History (Oxford: Oxford U.P., 1982), p. 202.Google Scholar

5 Ibidem.

6 Ibidem, p. 203.

7 Ibidem.

8 Gillow, Vol. 3, p. 423.

9 The Times, December 4, 1868.

10 Boase, Vol. 2, col. 301.

11 Bernard, Ward, The Eve of Catholic Emancipation, Vol. 3 (1820–1829) (London: Longmans, Green, and Co., 1912), p. 269.Google Scholar

12 Gillow, Vol. 3, p. 442.

13 Linker, R. W., ‘The English Roman Catholics and Emancipation: The Politics of Persuasion,’ Journal of Ecclesiastical History, Vol. 27 (1976), p. 170.CrossRefGoogle Scholar In his book on the parliamentary history of Horsham, Albery refers to Blount as ‘the Duke of Norfolk’s private auditor,’ William Albery, A Parliamentary History of the Ancient Borough of Horsham, 1295–1885, With Some Account of Every Contested Election, and so Far as can be Ascertained, a List of Members Returned. (London: Longmans, Green, and Co., 1927), p. 269.

14 See the account of the meeting in The Catholic Spectator, Vol. 1 (1823), pp. 215–221.

15 Cited by Edward, Norman, The English Catholic Church in the Nineteenth Century (Oxford: Oxford U.P., 1984), p. 44.Google Scholar

16 Gent. Mag., January 1851, p. 97. See also Albert Hyarason, , ‘Alexander Raphael, MP.,’ Transactions of the Jewish Historical Society, Vol. 16 (1945–51), pp. 225–226.Google Scholar

17 Ibidem, pp. 97–98. See also William, Fagan, The Life and Times of Daniel O’Connell, Vol. 2, (London: Simpkin, Marshall, and Co., 1847)Google Scholar and Maurice R. O’Connell (ed), The Correspondence of Daniel O’Connell, Vol. 5 (1833–1836) (Dublin: Blackwater, for the Irish Manuscripts Commission, n.d.).

18 ILN, February 26, 1876.

19 DNB, Vol. 16, p. 281.

20 Ibidem.

21 Ibidem.

22 Ibidem.

23 Ibidem, p. 282.

24 In late 1795 or early 1796, for example, Bishop Douglass argued in a letter to Bishop Walmesley that Douglass was ‘decidedly of opinion that the Cisalpine School will soon be given up.’ Letter reproduced by Bernard, Ward, The Dawn of the Catholic Revival in England, 1781–1803, Vol. 2 (London: Longmans, Green, and Co., 1909), p. 111.Google Scholar

25 Henry, Parkinson, ‘St. Mary’s College, Oscott. II. Its Educational Influence,’ The Catholic University Bulletin, Vol. 15 (1909), p. 370.Google Scholar

26 The names of the 1794 Board of Governors are given by Bernard, Ward, The Dawn of the Catholic Revival in England, 1781–1803, Vol. 2, p. 56.Google Scholar

27 Arthur, S. Barnes, The Catholic Schools of England (London: Williams and Norgate, 1926), p. 145 Google Scholar. ‘Udall’ was Nicholas Udall (1505–1556), a headmaster of Eton who, according to the DNB, ‘had the reputation of severely enforcing corporal punishment,’ while ‘Keate’ was John Keate (1773–1852), another headmaster of Eton, who ‘flogged more than eighty boys on the same day, 30 June 1832.’ DNB, Vol. 20 p. 7; and DNB, Vol. 10, p. 1160.

28 William, J. Amherst, ‘Charles Langdale-I,’ Dublin Review, Vol. III (1892), pp. 398–399.Google Scholar

29 Ibidem, p. 399.

30 Lord Acton, Selections from the Correspondence of the First Lord Acton, ed. By John N. Figgis and Reginald V. Laurence (New York: Longmans and Green, 1917), p. 2.

31 Torrens McCullagh, W., Memoirs of the Right Honourable Richard Lalor Sheil (London: Hurst and Blackett, 1855), Vol. 1, p. 10.Google Scholar

32 Richard Lalor Sheil, ‘Recollections of the Jesuits. Stonyhurst,’ (originally published in October, 1829), reprinted in Sketches, Legal and Political, by the late Right Honourable Richard Lalor Sheil, ed. by M. W. Savage (London: Hurst and Blackett, 1855), Vol. 2, p. 310.

33 Ibidem, p. 305.

34 Ibidem, p. 306.

35 Hansard’s Parliamentary Debates, 3rd. series, Vol. 12, col. 575.

36 Ibidem.

37 ‘Monthly Intelligence,’ The Catholic Magazine and Review, Vol. 2, No. 16 (May 1832), p. 444.

38 Lord Acton, Selections from the Correspondence of the First Lord Acton, op. cit., p. 157. Alumni Cantab. Gertrude, Himmelfarb, Lord Acton: A Study in Conscience and Politics (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1952), pp. 17–18.Google Scholar

39 William J. Amherst, op. cit., p. 399.

40 The Tablet, April 9, 1859.

41 William Albery, op. cit., p. 255.

42 Ibidem.

43 Charles Dod, Electoral Facts from 1832 to 1852, Impartially Stated. Constituting a Complete Political Gazetteer. (First published in London in 1853 as revised edition of the work first issued in 1852) (New edition of the 2nd. edn. by H. J. Hanham) (Brighton: Harvester Press, 1972), p. 282.

44 Bateman, p. 230.

45 Bod, op. cit., p. 282.

46 Angus, Macintyre, The Liberator: Daniel O’Connell and the Irish Party, 1830–1847 (New York: the Macmillan Co., 1965), pp. 17–18.Google Scholar

47 Norman Gash, Politics in the Age of Peel: A Study in the Technique of Parliamentary Representation 1830–1850 New York: W. W. Norton and Co., 1971) (paperback edition), p. 161. (Originally published in 1953).

48 Ibidem.

49 The Tablet, July 31, 1847.

50 House of Commons Journal, Vol. 99, (May 13, 1844), p. 291.

51 Quoted by Annals, p. 257.

52 From an article in the Dublin Evening Post quoted by the Weekly Register and Catholic Standard, April 12, 1856.

53 House of Commons Journal, Vol. III, (April 1, 1856), p. 109.

54 The Catholic Magazine and Review, Vol. 1, No. 10 (November, 1831), p. 637.

55 William Albery, op. cit., p. 277. (Emphasis in the original).

56 John, A. Phillips, The Great Reform Bill in the Boroughs: English Electoral Behaviour, 1818–1841 (Oxford: Oxford U.P., 1992), p. 219.Google Scholar

57 See, in particular, chapter 4, ‘The Militant Minority’ of Walter L. Arnstein’s Protestant versus Catholic in Mid-Victorian England: Mr. Newdegate and the Nuns (Columbia, Missouri: University of Missouri Press, 1982), pp. 40–61; as well as John, Wolffe, The Protestant Crusade in Great Britain, 1829–1860 (Oxford: Oxford U.P., 1991)Google Scholar; Paz, D. G., Popular Anti-Catholicism in Mid-Victorian England (Stanford: Stanford U.P., 1992)Google Scholar; Frank, H. Wallis, Popular Anti-Catholicism in Mid-Victorian Britain (Lewiston, N.Y.: The Edwin Mellen Press, 1993)Google Scholar

58 From the ‘Recollections’ of Langdale’s eldest daughter, Mary; quoted by William J. Amherst, op. cit., p. 408.

59 The Tablet, June 26, 1841.

60 Henry, Lonsdale, The Worthies of Cumberland, Vol. 3 (London: George Routledge, 1872), p. 106.Google Scholar

61 Dessain, C. S. (ed), The Letters and Diaries of John Henry Newman, Vol. 22 (London: Thomas Nelson and Sons, 1972), p. 15.Google Scholar