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Glass Bottles and Military Production

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 August 2022

H.E.M. Cool
H.E.M. Cool*
Affiliation:
Barbican Research Associates hilary@coolarchaeology.com
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Abstract

This article draws attention to the fragments of two glass bottles found in auxiliary fort contexts of Antonine date in Britain which can be shown to have been made within the Flavian legionary fortress at Bonn. They are evidence of hitherto unsuspected aspects of legionary production and of supply within military establishments. They are also evidence of how long some artefacts could have remained in use. Reasons that might have prompted their manufacture are explored.

Keywords

BonnCarlisleRocesterglass bottlesmilitary supplymilitary production
Type
Shorter Contributions
Information
Britannia , Volume 53 , November 2022 , pp. 373 - 383
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies

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References

BIBLIOGRAPHY

RIB I = Collingwood, R.G., and Wright, R.P. 1967: The Roman Inscriptions of Britain. Volume I: Inscriptions on Stone, OxfordGoogle Scholar
Allason-Jones, L., and McKay, B. 1985: Coventina's Well: A Shrine on Hadrian's Wall, HexhamGoogle Scholar
Amrein, H., and Nenna, M-D. 2006: ‘Inventaire des moules destinés à la fabrication des contenants en verre’, in Foy and Nenna 2006b, 491–502Google Scholar
Bowman, A.K., and Thomas, J.D. 1994: The Vindolanda Writing Tablets. Tabulae Vindolandenses II, LondonGoogle Scholar
Bowman, A.K., and Thomas, J.D. 2003: The Vindolanda Writing Tablets. Tabulae Vindolandenses III, LondonGoogle Scholar
Burrows, R. 2001: Archaeological Evaluation of Land off Northfield Avenue, Rocester, Staffordshire, Birmingham University Field Archaeology Unit Report 0869, https://doi.org/10.5284/1032579CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Charlesworth, D. 1959: ‘Roman glass from northern Britain’, Archaeologia Aeliana 4th series 37, 33–58Google Scholar
Charlesworth, D. 1966: ‘Roman square bottles’, Journal Glass Studies 8, 26–40Google Scholar
Cool, H.E.M. 1996: ‘The Roman vessel glass’, in Esmonde Cleary and Ferris, 106–21Google Scholar
Cool, H.E.M. 2006: Eating and Drinking in Roman Britain, CambridgeCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cool, H.E.M. 2016: The Small Finds and Vessel Glass from Insula VI.1 Pompeii: Excavations 1995–2006, Archaeopress Roman Archaeology 17, OxfordCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cool, H.E.M., and Baxter, M.J. 1999: ‘Peeling the onion; an approach to comparing vessel glass assemblages’, Journal of Roman Archaeology 12, 72–100CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Esmonde Cleary, A.S., and Ferris, I.M. 1996: Excavations at the New Cemetery, Rocester, Staffordshire, 1985–1987 (= Staffordshire Archaeological and Historical Society Transactions 35 (1993–94))Google Scholar
Ferris, I.M., Bevan, L., and Cuttler, R. 2000: The Excavation of a Romano-British Shrine at Orton's Pasture, Rocester, Staffordshire, British Archaeological Reports British Series 314, OxfordCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Follmann-Schulz, A-B. 1991: ‘Fours de verriers romains dans la province de Germanie Inférieure’, in Foy, D. and Sennequier, G. (eds), Ateliers de verriers de l'antiquité à la période pré-industrielle, Association Française pour l'Archéologie du Verre Actes des 4émes Rencontres, Rouen, 35–40Google Scholar
Follmann-Schulz, A-B. 2011: ‘Moules de bouteilles carrées découverts à Bonn’, in Foy and Nenna 2011, 155–69Google Scholar
Foy, D. 2006: ‘Marques sur verres decouvertes dans le Mahgreb’, in Foy and Nenna 2006b, 349–68Google Scholar
Foy, D., and Nenna, M-D. 2006a: Corpus des signatures et marques sur verres antiques. Volume 1: La France, Aix-en-Provence and LyonGoogle Scholar
Foy, D., and Nenna, M-D. 2006b: Corpus des signatures et marques sur verres antiques. Volume 2: Belgique, Luxembourg, Allemagne, Autriche, Suisse, Slovénie, Hongrie, Croatie, Espagne, Portugal, Maghreb, Grèce, Chypre, Turquie, mer Noire, Proche-Orient, Égypte, Soudan, Cyrénaique, France (addenda), Aix-en-Provence and LyonGoogle Scholar
Foy, D., and Nenna, M-D. 2011: Corpus des signatures et marques sur verres antiques. Volume 3: Grande-Bretagne et addenda; Pays-Bas, France, Allemagne, Suisse, Croatie, Espagne, Portugal, Grèce, Turquie, mer Noire, Proche-Orient, Aix-en-Provence and LyonGoogle Scholar
Frere, S.S. 1990: ‘Roman Britain in 1989 1. Sites explored’, Britannia 21, 304–64CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gechter, M. 2001: ‘Das Legionslager’, in M. von Rey, Bonn von der Vorgeshichte bis zum Ende der Römerzeit, Geschichte der Stadt Bonn Band 1, Bonn, 140–55Google Scholar
Höpken, C. 2011: ‘Base marks on glass vessels in Gaziantep (Turkey)’, in Foy and Nenna 2011, 243–6Google Scholar
Horn, H.G. (ed.) 1987: Die Römer in Nordrhein-Westfalen, StuttgartGoogle Scholar
Isings, C. 1957: Roman Glass from Dated Finds, Groningen and DjakartaGoogle Scholar
Jarrett, M.G. 1994: ‘Non-legionary troops in Roman Britain: part one, the units’, Britannia 25, 35–77CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Monaghan, J. 1997: Roman Pottery from York, The Archaeology of York 16/8, YorkGoogle Scholar
Price, J., and Cottam, S. 1998: Romano-British Glass Vessels: A Handbook, Council for British Archaeology Practical Handbook in Archaeology 14, YorkGoogle Scholar
Taylor, M. 1997/8: ‘On making prismatic Roman bottles’, Glass News 4, 6–7Google Scholar
Tomlin, R.S.O. 2021: ‘Roman Britain in 2020. III. Inscriptions’, Britannia 52, 465–84CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zant, J. 2009: The Carlisle Millennium Project Excavations in Carlisle, 1998–2001. Volume 1: The Stratigraphy, Lancaster Imprints 14, LancasterGoogle Scholar
RIB I = Collingwood, R.G., and Wright, R.P. 1967: The Roman Inscriptions of Britain. Volume I: Inscriptions on Stone, OxfordGoogle Scholar
Allason-Jones, L., and McKay, B. 1985: Coventina's Well: A Shrine on Hadrian's Wall, HexhamGoogle Scholar
Amrein, H., and Nenna, M-D. 2006: ‘Inventaire des moules destinés à la fabrication des contenants en verre’, in Foy and Nenna 2006b, 491–502Google Scholar
Bowman, A.K., and Thomas, J.D. 1994: The Vindolanda Writing Tablets. Tabulae Vindolandenses II, LondonGoogle Scholar
Bowman, A.K., and Thomas, J.D. 2003: The Vindolanda Writing Tablets. Tabulae Vindolandenses III, LondonGoogle Scholar
Burrows, R. 2001: Archaeological Evaluation of Land off Northfield Avenue, Rocester, Staffordshire, Birmingham University Field Archaeology Unit Report 0869, https://doi.org/10.5284/1032579CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Charlesworth, D. 1959: ‘Roman glass from northern Britain’, Archaeologia Aeliana 4th series 37, 33–58Google Scholar
Charlesworth, D. 1966: ‘Roman square bottles’, Journal Glass Studies 8, 26–40Google Scholar
Cool, H.E.M. 1996: ‘The Roman vessel glass’, in Esmonde Cleary and Ferris, 106–21Google Scholar
Cool, H.E.M. 2006: Eating and Drinking in Roman Britain, CambridgeCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cool, H.E.M. 2016: The Small Finds and Vessel Glass from Insula VI.1 Pompeii: Excavations 1995–2006, Archaeopress Roman Archaeology 17, OxfordCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cool, H.E.M., and Baxter, M.J. 1999: ‘Peeling the onion; an approach to comparing vessel glass assemblages’, Journal of Roman Archaeology 12, 72–100CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Esmonde Cleary, A.S., and Ferris, I.M. 1996: Excavations at the New Cemetery, Rocester, Staffordshire, 1985–1987 (= Staffordshire Archaeological and Historical Society Transactions 35 (1993–94))Google Scholar
Ferris, I.M., Bevan, L., and Cuttler, R. 2000: The Excavation of a Romano-British Shrine at Orton's Pasture, Rocester, Staffordshire, British Archaeological Reports British Series 314, OxfordCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Follmann-Schulz, A-B. 1991: ‘Fours de verriers romains dans la province de Germanie Inférieure’, in Foy, D. and Sennequier, G. (eds), Ateliers de verriers de l'antiquité à la période pré-industrielle, Association Française pour l'Archéologie du Verre Actes des 4émes Rencontres, Rouen, 35–40Google Scholar
Follmann-Schulz, A-B. 2011: ‘Moules de bouteilles carrées découverts à Bonn’, in Foy and Nenna 2011, 155–69Google Scholar
Foy, D. 2006: ‘Marques sur verres decouvertes dans le Mahgreb’, in Foy and Nenna 2006b, 349–68Google Scholar
Foy, D., and Nenna, M-D. 2006a: Corpus des signatures et marques sur verres antiques. Volume 1: La France, Aix-en-Provence and LyonGoogle Scholar
Foy, D., and Nenna, M-D. 2006b: Corpus des signatures et marques sur verres antiques. Volume 2: Belgique, Luxembourg, Allemagne, Autriche, Suisse, Slovénie, Hongrie, Croatie, Espagne, Portugal, Maghreb, Grèce, Chypre, Turquie, mer Noire, Proche-Orient, Égypte, Soudan, Cyrénaique, France (addenda), Aix-en-Provence and LyonGoogle Scholar
Foy, D., and Nenna, M-D. 2011: Corpus des signatures et marques sur verres antiques. Volume 3: Grande-Bretagne et addenda; Pays-Bas, France, Allemagne, Suisse, Croatie, Espagne, Portugal, Grèce, Turquie, mer Noire, Proche-Orient, Aix-en-Provence and LyonGoogle Scholar
Frere, S.S. 1990: ‘Roman Britain in 1989 1. Sites explored’, Britannia 21, 304–64CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gechter, M. 2001: ‘Das Legionslager’, in M. von Rey, Bonn von der Vorgeshichte bis zum Ende der Römerzeit, Geschichte der Stadt Bonn Band 1, Bonn, 140–55Google Scholar
Höpken, C. 2011: ‘Base marks on glass vessels in Gaziantep (Turkey)’, in Foy and Nenna 2011, 243–6Google Scholar
Horn, H.G. (ed.) 1987: Die Römer in Nordrhein-Westfalen, StuttgartGoogle Scholar
Isings, C. 1957: Roman Glass from Dated Finds, Groningen and DjakartaGoogle Scholar
Jarrett, M.G. 1994: ‘Non-legionary troops in Roman Britain: part one, the units’, Britannia 25, 35–77CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Monaghan, J. 1997: Roman Pottery from York, The Archaeology of York 16/8, YorkGoogle Scholar
Price, J., and Cottam, S. 1998: Romano-British Glass Vessels: A Handbook, Council for British Archaeology Practical Handbook in Archaeology 14, YorkGoogle Scholar
Taylor, M. 1997/8: ‘On making prismatic Roman bottles’, Glass News 4, 6–7Google Scholar
Tomlin, R.S.O. 2021: ‘Roman Britain in 2020. III. Inscriptions’, Britannia 52, 465–84CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zant, J. 2009: The Carlisle Millennium Project Excavations in Carlisle, 1998–2001. Volume 1: The Stratigraphy, Lancaster Imprints 14, LancasterGoogle Scholar