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Temperament, parenting styles and the intensity of early maladaptive schemas: assessment of correlations in a non-clinical adult group

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 November 2020

Dorota Mącik Open the ORCID record for Dorota Mącik [Opens in a new window]
Dorota Mącik*
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Psychology, Institute of Psychology, John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Al. Racławickie 14, 20-950Lublin, Poland
*
*Corresponding author. Email: dmacik@kul.pl
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Abstract

Background:

Prior research has partially verified the significance of child temperament and styles of upbringing for schema intensity. However, there is still a lack of understanding of the inter-relations between them.

Aim:

The present study examined how temperament (stable and labile) and style of parenting (positive and negative) are related to each other, and to early maladaptive schemas.

Method:

Participants (395 healthy adults) completed the Young Schema Questionnaire YSQ-S3 and the Retrospective Assessment of Parents’ Attitudes and Formal Characteristic of Behaviour – Temperament Inventory (FCB-TI). Structural equation modelling was used to verify hypotheses.

Results:

Temperament and parental styles together explain more than 59% of the variance of schema intensity. The obtained path coefficients show one-way directions of inter-relations. Stable temperament connects to schemas directly with a negative path coefficient. Labile temperament shows a significant positive association with negative parental attitudes, but not directly with schemas. Negative parenting is positively connected with schemas. A positive style of parenting is not significantly connected with temperament and schemas.

Conclusions:

Results show evidence that negative style of parenting and labile temperament features are more important for schema developing and may be treated as risk factors. Because temperament seems to be a relatively persistent feature, it may play a similar role in adulthood, reinforcing emotions and feelings in the context of environment, and then maintain the schemas.

Keywords

early maladaptive schemasparental stylestemperament
Type
Main
Information
Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy , Volume 49 , Issue 2 , March 2021 , pp. 218 - 232
Copyright
© British Association for Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapies 2020

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