I am grateful to Mr C. R. St Q. Wall for first drawing my attention to the album; to Mr B. Docker of Stanford University (which now holds the lease of Cliveden) for making it so readily available; to Mr Timothy Hudson for very generous help over the Archer and Leoni drawings; and to Mr Howard Colvin, Mr John Harris and Dr Alistair Rowan for kindly providing other information.

1 The album (665x555 mm) is now on loan from the National Trust to the RIBA Drawings Collection; the date 1905 is provided by a photograph on the last page inscribed ‘The copy of the Borghese Balustrade now (1905) before the Borghese Museum in the Borghese Villa. Photographed by Waldorf Astor'.

2 Country Life, lxx (1931), pp. 38, 68.Google Scholar

3 Hussey (ibid.) claimed the temple was built in 1739 ‘for the 2nd Earl’; the Earl of Orkney, who died in 1737, in fact had no male heir, wrhile the letter from Leoni reproduced on p. 24(b) of the album (obviously not seen by Hussey) makes it clear that it was being built in 1735.

4 Jackson-Stops, G., ‘Formal Garden Designs for Cliveden', National Trust Year Book 1976–77 (forthcoming).Google Scholar

5 Walpole Society, xxiv, Vertue Notebooks (Vol. IV), 1936, p. 11.Google Scholar

6 Diary of John Evelyn (ed. de Beer, ), iv (1955), entry for 23 July 1679.Google Scholar

7 Hussey, , op cit., p. 40.Google Scholar

8 Campbell, Colen, Vitruvius Britannicus, ii (1717), Pls70–74.Google Scholar

9 The semicircular staircases at either end of the terrace (as well as the Ionic columns between the niches) shown by Campbell (ibid., pls73–74) are evidently not accurate: Macky in his Tour of 1714, p. 31, records ‘in the Middle [of the terrace] a pretty Alcove with Stone Stairs, which ascends to the Apartments’, accurately describing the present arrangement. The engraving in Vitruvius Britannicus may show a project planned by Lord Orkney but never executed.

10 Jackson-Stops, G., ‘French Ideas for English Houses’, Country Life, cxlvii (1970), pp. 261–266.Google Scholar

11 Evelyn Diary, loc. cit.

12 Gower, Lord Ronald, My Reminiscences, 1883, i, p. 17 Google Scholar; Garibaldi visited Cliveden in 1864 according to a photograph caption of the ‘Garibaldi Room’ in the Cliveden Album, p. 107.

13 Op. cit., p.4.

14 British Library, Add. MS31, 141,ff.155–169.

15 RIBA Drawings Collection, Ran 1/I/6 & 7.

16 National Library of Scotland, MS 1033; I am grateful to Mr James Ritchie, Keeper of Manuscripts, for kindly communicating the contents of these letters.

17 Ibid. ff. 8,14.

18 Cliveden Album, p. 56(b).

19 Morning Post, 17 November 1849.

20 See Cliveden Album, p.96(a); his proposal, dated 1888, for treating both wings in the same way was fortunately not carried out.

21 Typewritten memorandum of his alterations to Cliveden by William Waldorf Astor, written about 1906: ‘My first alteration was to restore the Guest's Wing to its original appearance, thus bringing it back into symmetry with the main building and the opposite Wing.’

22 Macky, loc. cit., note 9.

23 Jeremiah Milles, MS tour of England, 1743, British Library, Add. MS 15,776, ff.118–119.

24 As well as the plans for Chettle and Heythrop (see note 15 above) cf. Archer's designs for garden buildings at Wrest, now in Bedfordshire Record Office.

25 Jackson-Stops, G., Nostell Priory, The National Trust (1973), p. 5.Google Scholar

26 Hudson, T., ‘A Ducal Patron of Architects’, Country Life, clv (1974), pp. 78–81.Google Scholar

27 The Architecture of A. Palladio, Revis'd, Design'd, and Publish'd by Giacomo Leoni, a Venetian…, 2 vols, 1715–16 Google Scholar; for the best account of Leoni's work in England see Hudson, T., ‘A Venetian Architect in England’, Country Life, clvii (1975), pp. 830–833.Google Scholar

28 Illustrated in Vol. III of Leoni's edition of Alberti, , The Architecture of Leon Battista Alberti, London (1726).Google Scholar

29 VCH: Essex, iv (1956), p. 301 Google Scholar, and the engraving in Harrison's Picturesque Views of the Principal Seats, c. 1790. I am indebted to Mr Howard Colvin for this reference.

30 See Clutton, Sir G. & Mackay, C., ‘Old Thorndon Hall, Essex’, Garden History Society Occasional Papers, ii (1970).Google Scholar

31 National Trust Year Book 1976–77, loc. cit.

32 Cornforth, J., Clandon Park, The National Trust (1973), pp. 14–15.Google Scholar

33 Cliveden Album, p. 56(b).

34 Sheahan, J., History and Topography of Buckinghamshire (1862), pp. 854–855, followed by VCH: Bucks.Google Scholar

35 Loc. cit.

36 Lewis, S., Topographical Dictionary…, iv (1831), p. 300.Google Scholar

37 Tipping, A., English Homes, iv, pt2, p. 152.Google Scholar

38 See National Trust Year Book 1976–77, loc. cit.

39 Taylor, A. C., ‘Kirkleatham’, Architectural Review, cxxiv (October 1958), fig. 5.Google Scholar

40 Gibbs, J., Book of Architecture (1728), p. 80 (far right).Google Scholar

41 Cliveden Album, p.24(b).

42 Survey of London, xxxii, St James, Westminster, ptii, pp. 552–553 Google Scholar; the building agreement was dated 1 August 1735, and the lease from Lord Burlington (for sixty-two years) was signed on 20 December following.

43 Dasent, A. I., Piccadilly, 1920, p. 72 & facing plate (an early nineteenth-century watercolour of Bath House)Google Scholar; the house was demolished and rebuilt by Lord Ashburton in 1821. I am indebted to Mr Howard Colvin for this and the previous reference.

44 See note 33.

45 Op. cit.

46 Memorandum by W. W. Astor on his alterations to the house and garden at Cliveden, c. 1906.