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A step toward the definition of ecological indicators of the impact of fishing on the fish assemblage of the Abore reef reserve (New Caledonia)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 June 2004

Marion Amand ,
Dominique Pelletier ,
Jocelyne Ferraris  and
Michel Kulbicki
Marion Amand
Affiliation:
IRD Centre de Nouméa, Unité de Recherche CoRéUs, 110 promenade Roger Laroque, BP A5, 98848 Nouméa Cedex, Nouvelle-Calédonie IFREMER Centre de Nantes, Laboratoire de Mathématiques appliquées à l'Exploitation des Ressources halieutiques et aquacoles (MAERHA), 2 rue de l'île d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311 Nantes Cedex 03, France
Dominique Pelletier
Affiliation:
IFREMER Centre de Nantes, Laboratoire de Mathématiques appliquées à l'Exploitation des Ressources halieutiques et aquacoles (MAERHA), 2 rue de l'île d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311 Nantes Cedex 03, France
Jocelyne Ferraris
Affiliation:
IRD-UR CoRéUs / EPHE, Université de Perpignan, 52 avenue Paul Alduy, 66860 Perpignan Cedex, France
Michel Kulbicki
Affiliation:
IRD Centre de Nouméa, Unité de Recherche CoRéUs, 110 promenade Roger Laroque, BP A5, 98848 Nouméa Cedex, Nouvelle-Calédonie
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Abstract

Marine Protected Areas (MPA) are often contemplated as a tool for the sustainable management of exploited resources and ecosystem conservation. This paper proposes an approach to establish a statistical diagnostic of the effects of MPAs on fish assemblages, and define corresponding ecological indicators. This requires choosing relevant variables (abundance, diversity, demographic parameters ...) and appropriate statistical methods. The study was based on data from the Abore reef Reserve in New Caledonia. Two sets of methods: 1-inferential linear models (ANOVA, GLM); 2- Partial Least Squares (PLS) methods of regression, were used to test the effects of this MPA. PLS enabled us to test simultaneously within a model, density, species richness, biomass and mean size variables of fish community to retain the most sensitive and relevant ones. Habitat variability was also taken into account in these models. Species were grouped according to several criteria: 1- feeding habit; 2- taxonomy; 3- mobility; 4- adult size; 5- demographic strategy. No significant effect of the opening of the Abore reef to fishing was found for mobility. Feeding habit was the only criterion for which the results from the inferential models and PLS showed a significant effect of reserve status for all variables. Species richness, density, and to a lesser extent mean size, were sensitive to the removal of reserve status, but not biomass. Results from ANOVA and PLS regression were consistent but the latter allows a more holistic approach as it integrates all variables within a single model.

Keywords

Marine protected areasFishCoral reefFishing impactEcological indicatorsPLS regressionNew Caledonia
Type
Research Article
Information
Aquatic Living Resources , Volume 17 , Issue 2 , April 2004 , pp. 139 - 149
Copyright
© EDP Sciences, IFREMER, IRD, 2004

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