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Salinity and ionic composition of the shallow astatic soda pans in the Carpathian Basin

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 February 2014

E. Boros ,
Zs. Horváth ,
G. Wolfram  and
L. Vörös
E. Boros*
Affiliation:
Balaton Limnological Institute, Centre for Ecological Research of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 35, H-8237 Tihany, Hungary
Zs. Horváth
Affiliation:
WasserCluster Lunz, Dr. Carl Kupelwieser Promenade 5, AT-3293 Lunz am See, Austria
G. Wolfram
Affiliation:
DWS Hydro-Ökologie GmbH, Zentagasse 47/5, -1050 Wien, Austria
L. Vörös
Affiliation:
Balaton Limnological Institute, Centre for Ecological Research of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 35, H-8237 Tihany, Hungary
*
*Corresponding author: szikesviz@gmail.com
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Abstract

We investigated the chemical characteristics of the astatic soda pans in the Carpathian Basin based on comprehensive new and archive data. Analysed parameters were salinity and ionic composition. The most frequent type of soda waters was the basic alkaline type (Na-HCO3) that represented more than half of the natural soda pans. Besides 11 subtypes occurred. The second and third most frequent types were the chloride (13%) and sulphate subtypes (11%), with the secondary dominance of these anions. The other subtypes meant <4% of the pans. Magnesium sometimes occurred as a secondary dominant cation beside sodium. Until now, this subtype of soda waters has not been published in any part of the world, because of the general rule of soda lake formation (depending on low levels of magnesium and calcium). We found a regionally constant correction factor [Salinity (mg.L−1)=0.8×El.Cond. (μS.cm−1)] for confidentially estimating salinity from electrical conductivity in these habitats. Salinity varied between sub- (0.5–3 g.L−1) and hypersaline (>50 g.L−1) ranges, with its mean value (∼4 g.L−1) in the hyposaline range (3–20 g.L−1). The basic alkaline type had random geographical distribution, while the other subtypes were restricted to certain regions of the Basin. The high number of subtypes reflects the high chemical diversity of alkaline soda pans in the relatively small territory of the Carpathian Basin.

Keywords

Soda panionic compositionalkalineastaticCarpathian Basin
Type
Research Article
Information
Annales de Limnologie - International Journal of Limnology , Volume 50 , Issue 1 , 2014 , pp. 59 - 69
Copyright
© EDP Sciences, 2014

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